心理健康与睡眠质量的关联性及其对心理康复的意义:以射击运动员为例

Relationship between mental health and sleep quality and its significance to psychological rehabilitation:a case study of shooting event athletes

目的探讨高水平射击运动员心理健康与睡眠质量的关联性及其对心理康复的意义。方法2021年3月,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)和简式心境状态量表(POMS)对21例高水平射击运动员进行调查。根据PSQI评分将运动员分为正常睡眠组(n=9)和睡眠障碍组(n=12)。计算不同睡眠质量运动员的POMS评分,并进行相关分析。结果睡眠障碍组POMS中紧张、愤怒、疲劳评分和消极情绪纷乱总分(TMD)均高于正常睡眠组(t>2.18,P<0.05)。PSQI总分与POMS中紧张、愤怒、疲劳、压抑、慌乱和TMD评分均呈正相关(r>0.454,P<0.05),逐步回归后发现疲劳是与PSQI评分的主要变量(P=0.001)。结论高水平射击运动员睡眠质量受心理健康的影响,且受心理疲劳影响最大。后续心理康复工作者应多注重射击运动员负向情绪及心理疲劳。

Objective To explore the relationship between mental health and sleep quality of high-level shooting athletes and its significance to psychological rehabilitation.Methods In March,2021,21 high-level shooting athletes were investigated using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI)and Profile of Mood State(POMS).They were divided into normal sleep group(n=9)and sleep disorder group(n=12).The psychological state of athletes with different sleep quality was calculated and the correlation was analyzed.Results The scores of tension,anger,fatigue,and total of motional disturb(TMD)in POMS were higher in the sleep disorder group than in the normal sleep group(t>2.18,P<0.05).The total of PSQI postively correlated with tension,anger,fatigue,depression,panic,and TMD of POMS(r>0.454,P<0.05).After step regression,fatigue was the main variable related to PSQI(P=0.001).Conclusion The sleep quality of high-level shooting athletes is affected by mental state,and the mental fatigue is the most important factor.The follow-up psychological rehabilitation professionals should pay more attention to the negative emotions and psychological fatigue of shooting event athletes.