心力衰竭患者易损期液体管理方案的构建及应用

Construction and application of a volume management program in vulnerable phase for patients with heart failure

目的构建基于信息-知识-信念-行为(information-knowledge-attitude-practice,IKAP)理论的液体管理方案并探讨其在易损期心力衰竭患者中的应用效果。方法采用专家小组讨论法,构建基于IKAP理论液体管理方案四大流程及架构内容;采用方便抽样方法,选取南昌市某三级甲等医院心内科2021年5月—10月心力衰竭患者94例作为试验组,选取2020年5月—10月心力衰竭患者94例作为对照组。试验组实施基于IKAP理论液体管理方案,对照组给予常规护理,比较两组干预效果。结果试验组最终收集94例,对照组最终收集92例。两组干预后自我护理能力、体重管理能力、B型利钠肽水平、患者干体质量达标率及再入院率比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于IKAP理论液体管理方案能够提高易损期心力衰竭患者自我护理能力、体重管理能力及干体质量达标率,降低B型利钠肽水平及再入院率。

Objective To construct a volume management program based on Information-Knowledge-Attitude-Practice(IKAP)theory and to discuss its application effect for patients with heart failure in vulnerable phase.Methods The 4 process and capacity management architecture based on IKAP theory were constructed by the expert group discussion method.Using the convenience sampling method,94 patients with heart failure from May to October 2021 were selected as the experimental group,and the same number of patients from May to October 2020 were selected as the control group,both of whom were admitted to a tertiary first-class hospital in the city of Nanchang.The experimental group received the volume management program based on IKAP theory,and the control group received the routine care of the department.Finally,we evaluated the effect of the intervention.Results 94 patients in the experimental group and 92 patients in the control group were finally collected.There were statistically significant differences in self-care ability,weight management ability,B-type natriuretic peptide level,dry body mass compliance rate and readmission rate between 2 groups after the intervention(P<0.05).Conclusion The volume management program based on IKAP theory can improve self-care ability,weight management ability and dry body mass compliance rate of vulnerable patients with heart failure,and reduce B-type natriuretic peptide level and readmission rate in vulnerable phase.