以冠心病二级预防为主的心血管专科护理培训方案的制订及应用

Formulation and application of a cardiovascular specialty nursing training program focusing on secondary prevention of coronary heart disease

目的制订以冠心病二级预防为主的心血管专科护理培训方案,并评价其应用效果。方法基于跨理论模型和动机性访谈制订培训方案,选取15所三级甲等医院的30名护士开展培训,培训合格后进行临床实践,通过理论、知识及临床实践结果对方案进行全面评价。结果经过系统培训,30名护士冠心病二级预防测试问卷得分由(62.24±15.67)分提高至(78.99±9.50)分,差异有统计学意义(t=7.840,P<0.001)。护士在临床实践阶段对培训方案的执行情况较好;患者血压、血脂的达标率显著提高,二级预防药物的服药依从性达到86%以上,生活质量和心理健康均有明显改善(P<0.001)。结论以冠心病二级预防为主的心血管专科护理培训方案可显著提升护士的理论、知识和技能水平,促进二级预防在临床的有效开展,使冠心病患者获益。

Objective To formulate a cardiovascular specialty nursing training program focusing on secondary prevention of coronary heart disease(CHD),and to evaluate its effectiveness.Methods Totally 30 cardiovascular nurses were enrolled from 15 tertiary hospitals for training,and the training effect was evaluated in a comprehensive and long-term basis.Results Trainees scored higher in the CHD secondary prevention test after training than before,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).The training program was well implemented by the trainees in clinical practice phase.After 1 year follow-up for secondary prevention of CHD,the good control rates of blood pressure and blood lipid in patients were significantly increased(P<0.001);the compliance of secondary prevention drugs was more than 86%;the quality of life and mental health were significantly improved(P<0.001).Conclusion The cardiovascular specialty nursing training program focusing on secondary prevention of CHD can significantly improve the level of theory,knowledge and skills of cardiovascular nurses,promote the effective implementation of secondary prevention in clinical practice,and benefit patents with CHD.