车用钢-铝合金连接的电偶腐蚀及防护

Galvanic Corrosion and Protection of Joints between Steel and Aluminum alloy in Automobiles

汽车轻量化所采用的多材料混合车身设计必然导致由异种材料连接引起的电偶腐蚀问题。综述了汽车常用的钢材和铝材的耐蚀性及其连接后的电偶腐蚀。鉴于目前车用钢-铝合金的连接以机械连接为主,结合实际车用材料和异种接头腐蚀的复杂性,重点阐述了钢和铝合金机械连接的电偶腐蚀研究现状和不足。此外,从设计制造、防腐蚀工艺和连接工艺等方面介绍了抑制车身钢-铝电偶腐蚀的有效措施。

Multi-material hybrid body design for vehicle lightweight will inevitably lead to galvanic corrosion caused by the joint of dissimilar materials. The corrosion resistance of steels and aluminum alloys commonly used in automobiles and their galvanic corrosion after joining are reviewed. In view of the fact that the current connection between steel and aluminum alloy in automobile is mechanical connection, combined with the actual automotive materials and the complexity of the corrosion of dissimilar joints, the research status and shortcomings of galvanic corrosion of steel and aluminum alloy mechanical connections are emphatically expounded. In addition, the effective measures to inhibit the steel-aluminum galvanic corrosion of the car body are introduced from the aspects of design and manufacture, anti-corrosion technology and connection technology.