基于心率变异性的船员心理负荷特征研究

Research on Characteristics of Navigator’s Psychological Load Based on Heart Rate Variability

为预防船员主观方面失误引起的水上交通事故发生,需探究在岗船员的心理负荷变化特性,作为了解船员驾驶行为能力的基础性研究,也是智能航行人机共融的关键一步。开展基于船舶操纵模拟器的驾驶模拟试验,提取在不同航行场景下船员的心率变异性(Heart Rate Variability,HRV)指标数据,构建基于因数分析的船员心理负荷模型,分析并验证在岗船员的心理负荷变化特征,结果表明:在计算船员心理负荷时,HRV指标比心率指标具有更高的效度和信度;在航行初期,船员的心理负荷处于较高水平或呈现升高的趋势,随后船员逐渐适应常规航行场景且此时心理负荷水平较低;在航行末期,船员的心理负荷处于较低水平且变化趋势比较平滑;突发事件对船员的心理负荷有显著的影响,船员心理负荷因突发事件的发生而显著增加。

The HRV(Heart Rate Variability)data of ship navigators in different navigation situations are collected through simulation experiments on a marine simulator.The model of Navigator’s psychological load based on factor analysis is built and the psychological load characteristics of navigators on duty are analyzed.The research shows that,for calculating navigator’s psychological load,heart rate variability is more efficient and more reliable than heart rate.The calculation shows that for a voyage,the psychological load goes up at the beginning,then,gradually goes down and keeps lower level as the voyage proceeds and the navigator gets used to his duty.During last stage of a voyage,the psychological load keeps low and changes smoothly.Unexpected Incidents will cause obvious increase of psychological load.