基层清单法问责制度创新的成就与限度——以浙江省Y区“清单法”为例

The Achievements and Limitations of the Grassroots Accountability-List Innovation ——The Case of "Accountability-List Initiative" in Y District in Zhejiang Province

对基层公权力施加有效问责是地方党委和政府实现有效领导的重要方式。以规范基层公权力运行为目标的清单法有助于厘清政府、社会与公民的权责边界,为公职人员和普通公民提供双向保护;在不干涉原有行政职能的前提下,为行政工作的规范开展提供制度保障。清单法问责制度的设计以“增益性确权”为理念,制度的落实以“谋求共识”为导向,制度的推广则呈现“渐进动员”的特征。然而,基层问责制度创新也应避免落入文牍主义的陷阱;基层政府需要警惕“改而不变”的困境,对创新效果评定方法的适用性也亟待反思。克服问责制度创新的困难,需要调整以短期目标为导向的绩效考核方式,以多方合作的形式制定科学、有效的绩效评估方法。

Holding primary-level authorityaccountable is the basis to achieve the effective leadership of local party committee.This study analyzes the "accountability-list initiative" in district Y,city N in Zhejiang province,and elaborates the operation of accountability reform under the control of local party committee.The result shows that accountability reform contributes to clarifying the boundaries of responsibilities,providing institutional protection for both public officials and citizens,and facilitates institutional accountability without repressing administrative functions.However,during the spread of the innovation,the focus of the reform changed from identifying responsibilities to promoting the implementation efficiency.Therefore,the reform fell into the dilemma of ’formalities for the sake of formalities’ and ’changing without a move’.It should change the short-term oriented performance evaluation and increase the effectiveness of solving social problems.It is also essential to employ scientific performance evaluation through the government-society cooperation.