云南某高校大学生结核病防治知信行现况调查

Investigation on knowledge, attitude and behavior of tuberculosis prevention and treatment among students in a college in Yunnan Province

目的 调查云南省某高校大学生肺结核防治知识、态度及行为情况,为高校开展肺结核防治知识的健康教育提供科学依据。方法 自行设计调查问卷,采取分层整群抽样方法抽取云南省某高校大学生,调查学生肺结核防治知识、态度及行为情况,采取问卷调查方式进行面对面调查。结果 共发放1 200份问卷,收回1 159份有效问卷。云南省某高校大学生肺结核防治知识总知晓率为62.06%,对肺结核防治积极态度持有率65.56%,对肺结核防治正确行为持有率51.50%。文科生对八条核心信息全部知晓率(12.46%)明显高于理科生(8.43%),且年级越高,知晓率也越高。大一、大二、大三学生的知晓率分别为8.14%、9.69%和13.54%。调查对象获取肺结核防治知识的主要途径是微信、微博等新媒体(占86.23%)和电视新闻(占67.31%),其次是从熟人口中得知(占62.27%)。结论 云南省某高校大学生肺结核防治知识知信行不高,学校应加强构建多途径、多形式且有效的肺结核健康教育工作体系,以改善大学生对肺结核防治知识、态度和行为的现状。

Objective To investigate the knowledge, attitude and behavior of pulmonary tuberculosis( TB) prevention and treatment among college students in Yunnan Province, and to provide scientific basis for health education of pulmonary TB prevention and treatment.Methods A stratified cluster sampling method was used to select students from a college in Yunnan as the survey respondents. A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct a face-to-face survey of students to investigate their knowledge, attitude and behavior of pulmonary TB prevention and treatment.Results 1 200 questionnaires were distributed and 1 159 valid questionnaires were collected. The total awareness rate of pulmonary TB prevention and treatment knowledge was 62. 06%. The positive attitude rate was 65. 56%, and the correct behavior rate was 51. 50%. The overall awareness rate of eight core information of liberal arts students( 12. 46%) was significantly higher than that of science students(8. 43%). And the higher the grade, the higher the awareness rate. The awareness rates of freshmen, sophomores and juniors were 8. 14%, 9. 69% and 13. 54%, respectively. The main ways for students to obtain knowledge about pulmonary TB prevention and treatment were We Chat, microblog, other new media(86. 23%) and TV news(67. 31%), and followed by the familiar population(62. 27%).Conclusion Limited knowledge, attitude and behavior of pulmonary TB prevention and treatment is found among college students in Yunnan Province. Therefore, the school should carry out targeted multichannel, multi-format and effective pulmonary TB health education efforts to improve the current situation of college students’ knowledge, attitude and behavior towards pulmonary TB prevention and treatment.