脂蛋白亚类分离检测技术研究进展

Research progress on separation and determination of lipoprotein subclasses

脂蛋白亚类作为血液中水不溶性脂质载体,在了解脂质的营养、代谢和疾病研究中发挥着重要作用。在食品科学、营养学研究和临床疾病诊断中,血液脂蛋白亚类的精准、方便和快速分离检测及其数据标准化至关重要。但现有的分离检测方法对脂蛋白的分类标准和脂蛋白亚类的检测水平存在差异,导致数据缺乏参比性。因此,为更好地实现对脂蛋白亚类的定性定量分析,建立可靠的分离检测方法。本文对现有脂蛋白亚类分离检测技术进行了综述,总结了包括超速离心法、核磁共振波谱法、凝胶电泳法、离子迁移率分析法、光谱法和质谱法等技术的研究和应用进展。通过比较以上分离检测技术原理的差异以及技术的优势和不足,为血液脂蛋白亚类的检测提供理论和技术参考。

Lipoprotein subclasses,as water-insoluble lipid carriers in blood,play important roles in lipid nutrition,metabolism,and disease research.Accurate,convenient,and rapid separation and detection of blood lipoprotein subclasses and their data standardization are crucial in food science,nutritional research,and clinical disease diagnosis.However,the existing separation and detection methods have differences in the classification standards of lipoproteins and the detection levels of lipoprotein subclasses,resulting in a lack of comparability of data.Therefore,in order to better realize the qualitative and quantitative analysis of lipoprotein subclasses,and establish a reliable separation and detection method.This paper reviewed the existing technologies for the separation and detection of lipoprotein subclasses,and summarized the research and application progress of ultracentrifugation,nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy,gel electrophoresis,ion mobility analysis,spectrum technology and mass spectrometry.By comparing the differences of the above separation and detection technology principles and the advantages and disadvantages of the technology,the theoretical and technical reference for the detection of blood lipoprotein subclasses is provided.