我国孕妇身高、妊娠前体质量及体质指数的分布情况

Distribution of height,pre-pregnancy weight and body mass index of pregnant women in China

目的了解我国孕妇身高、妊娠前体质量及体质指数(body mass index,BMI)的分布情况,为我国妇幼保健工作提供依据。方法中国孕产妇队列研究·协和项目(the Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort StudyPeking Union Medical College,CPWCS-PUMC)于2017年7月至2018年7月招募7976名早孕期孕妇,采用手机电子问卷收集信息,剔除逻辑错误和填写无效的数据,最终7802名纳入分析。结果南北地区孕妇平均身高分别为(159.60±5.02)cm和(162.01±5.19)cm,东中西地区孕妇平均身高分别为(161.35±5.22)cm、(161.31±5.12)cm和(160.41±5.36)cm,且差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),但妊娠前BMI在不同地区分布比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);身高在民族和户口类型方面分布比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。妊娠前体质量在汉族和其他民族分别为(59.13±11.92)kg和(58.78±12.22)kg,两者比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但在地域、户口类型及年龄分布比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。妊娠前BMI在户口类型、工作、年龄分布比较,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论我国孕妇身高、孕前体质量及BMI分布在不同地域、民族、年龄等存在差异,针对性围产保健管理对提升我国人口质量至关重要。

Objective To investigate the distribution of height,pre-pregnancy weight and body mass index(BMI)of pregnant women in China,and to provide evidence for maternal and child health care in China.Methods The Chinese Pregnant Women Cohort Study-Peking Union Medical College CPWCS-PUMC)recruited 7,976 pregnant women in early pregnancy from July 2017 to July 2018.Information was collected by mobile electronic questionnaire,and data with logical errors and invalid filling were removed.Finally,7,802 cases were included in the analysis.Results The average height of north and south region was(159.60±5.02)cm,(162.01±5.19)cm,the average height of east,middle and west region was(161.35±5.22)cm,(161.31±5.12)cm,(160.41±5.36)cm,respectively.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05),but there was no significant difference in regional distribution of BMI before pregnancy(P>0.05).The distribution of height in nationality and household type was statistically significant(P<0.05).The pre-pregnancy weight of Han and other ethnic groups was(59.13±11.92)kg and(58.78±12.22)kg,respectively,and there was no significant difference(P>0.05),but there were significant differences in region,household type and age distribution(P<0.05).BMI before pregnancy had statistical significance in household type,job and age distribution(P<0.05).Conclusion The distribution of height,pre-pregnancy weight and BMI of pregnant women in China is different in region,nationality and age,etc.,and targeted perinatal health care management is of significant importance to improve the population quality of China.