乡村振兴重点帮扶县农村基本公共服务的多维减贫效应

Multidimensional Poverty-reduction Effect of Rural Basic Public Services in Key Counties for Rural Revitalization

为探究农村基本公共服务对多维贫困的减贫效应,文章利用2015—2018年云南省福贡县农村多维贫困监测的面板数据,在分别测算村级基本公共服务发展水平和多维贫困水平的基础上,构建时空关联分析模型和动态空间杜宾模型,从整体和分区、分维度层面实证分析探测村级基本公共服务对农户多维贫困的减贫效应。以云南福贡县为研究区的实证结果表明,基本公共服务对农村多维贫困存在减贫效应,且不同类型的农村基本公共服务的减贫效应存在差异。在整体层面,无论在短期还是长期影响下,医疗卫生、基础设施和社会保障服务的减贫效果较为突出,同时其直接效应比间接效应更为显著,表明农村基本公共服务的减贫效应以直接效应为主。在分区层面,多维贫困程度较轻的中段地区其教育、公共文化及信息化服务的减贫效果较好,同时存在间接效应能够缓解邻近地区多维贫困的状况。其中,多维贫困程度较深的研究区北段和南段,其医疗卫生、基础设施和社会保障服务的减贫效果尤为突出。

In order to explore the multidimensional poverty-reduction effect of rural basic public services,this paper calculates the development level of village-level basic public services and the multidimensional poverty level respectively in Fugong County of Yunnan Province from 2015 to 2018 on the basis of the panel data of rural multidimensional poverty monitoring,and constructs the spatio-temporal correlation analysis model and the dynamic spatial Durbin model.Empirical analysis is made to explore the poverty-reduction effect of village-level basic public services from the perspectives of the whole,the different region and the sub-dimension.The results show that basic public services have a poverty-reduction effect on rural multidimensional poverty,and the poverty-reduction effect of different types of rural basic public services is different.At the overall level,whether in the short term or the long term,the poverty-reduction effect of health care,infrastructure and social security services is prominent.The direct effect is more significant than the indirect effect,which indicates that the poverty-reduction effect of rural basic public services is mainly direct effect.At the regional level,education,public culture and information services have a better effect on the poverty reduction in the middle part of the region with a lower degree of multidimensional poverty,while there is an indirect effect to alleviate multidimensional poverty in the neighboring region.Health care,infrastructure and social security services play an important role on the poverty-reduction effect in the northern and southern sections of the study area with a high degree of multidimensional poverty.