我国存量建设空间利用的政策、理论与实践演进脉络

The Evolutionary Context of Policies,Theories and Practices for the Utilization of Stock Construction Space in China

基于我国城乡建设进入存量语境的转型背景,对存量建设空间的系统认识与思考是当下激活存量资源和提高资源配置效率的前提和基础。运用北大法宝和CNKI数据库,并借助CiteSpace科学计量工具,从政策演进、理论热点与实践路径三个方面对我国存量建设空间利用的脉络进行追溯,研究发现:(1)从政策演进来看,经历了萌芽期(1999—2003年)、探索期(2004—2005年)、爆发期(2006—2015年)和推进期(2016年至今)四个阶段。(2)从理论热点来看,主要集中于“存量规划与增量规划”“城市更新概念及模式”“存量用地识别与评价”“空间治理视角的存量空间利用”。(3)从实践路径来看,城市地区已实现了由个别试点到多类型、广覆盖的地域试点推进,并对不同尺度、不同类型的存量建设空间进行了多元模式的探索,农村地区尚处于初步试点阶段。(4)在对象划定、利益分配、多方协同、保障体系方面还存在困境,未来应在多学科融合、生命周期全过程系统框架构建及高效、可持续运营等方面进行探索,以期为新时期面临多重转型的城乡发展模式优化、实现城乡可持续发展与协同发展以及为存量空间规划编制提供理论参考。

Based on the transformation background of China’s urban-rural construction entering the stock context,the systematic understanding and thinking of the stock construction space is the premise and foundation for activating stock resources and improving the efficiency of resource allocation.Based on the databases of PKULAW and CNKI and using the Citespace software,this paper analyzes the context of our country’s stock construction space utilization from three aspects of policy evolution,theoretical hotspots and practical paths:1) From the perspective of policy evolution,it has experienced four stages:the budding period(1999-2003),the exploration period(2004-2005),the outbreak period(2006-2015) and the promotion period(2016-present).2) From the perspective of theoretical hotspots,it mainly focuses on "stock and incremental planning","urban renewal concepts and models","identification and evaluation of existing land use",and "utilization of existing space from the perspective of spatial governance".3) From the perspective of practical paths,urban areas have realized the progress from individual pilots to multi-type and wide-coverage regional pilots,and explored multiple models of stock construction spaces at different scales and types,while rural areas are still in the preliminary pilot stage.4) There are still difficulties in object delimitation,benefit distribution,multi-party collaboration,and security system.In the future,it should focus on the aspects of multi-disciplinary integration,the framework construction of the whole life cycle system,and efficient and sustainable operation.It will optimize the urban and rural development model facing multiple transformations in the new era,realize the sustainable development and coordinated development of urban and rural areas,and provide theoretical reference for the preparation of stock space planning.