湖南省乡村人居环境脆弱性格局变化及响应指数的影响机制

Spatio-temporal Pattern of Rural Human Settlement Vulnerability and Influencing Mechanism of Response Index in Hunan Province

基于PSR模型构建乡村人居环境脆弱性评估体系,采用指标聚合、地理加权回归等方法对2010—2018年湖南省乡村人居环境脆弱性及其响应指数的影响因素进行研究。结果显示:(1)湖南省乡村人居环境脆弱性呈明显下降趋势,其中压力指数下降速度最慢,响应指数下降速度最快,2014—2018年下降幅度大于2010—2014年;(2)脆弱性高值区集中分布在大湘西和洞庭湖流域,脆弱性低值区集中分布在长株潭城市群周围,总体上呈现“西高东低”的空间格局特征;(3)脆弱性响应指数影响因子的作用强度在空间上具有差异性,自然因素是影响乡村人居环境脆弱性响应指数的主导因素,经济因素起到关键作用,人口、环境以及区位因素在乡村人居环境脆弱性响应机制中起到重要作用。不同区域应根据脆弱性根源的差异,科学开展乡村人居环境整治,不断完善脆弱性响应机制,促进乡村振兴战略的顺利实施。

Based on the PSR model,this paper constructs the vulnerability assessment system of rural human settlements,and studies the influencing factors of rural human settlements vulnerability and its response index in Hunan Province from 2010 to 2018 by using the methods of index aggregation and geographical weighted regression.The results show that:1) The vulnerability of rural human settlements in Hunan Province shows an obvious downward trend,the pressure index decreases at the slowest speed comparing with the response index,the decline range of the response index is greater in 2014-2018 than that in 2010-2014.2) The areas with high vulnerability value distribute in the western Hunan and Dongting Lake basin,and the areas with low vulnerability value distribute around the Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban agglomeration,which generally presents the spatial pattern characteristics of "high in the western Hunan and low in the eastern Hunan".3) It shows spatial disparity in the effect intensity of the influencing factors of the vulnerability response index of rural human settlements in Hunan Province,natural factors are the leading factors affecting the vulnerability response index of rural human settlements,economic factors play a key role,population,environment and location factors play an important role in the vulnerability response mechanism of rural human settlements.Different regions should scientifically carry out the improvement of rural residential environment according to the root causes of vulnerability difference,constantly improve the vulnerability response mechanism,and promote the smooth implementation of Rural Revitalization Strategy.