全球秩序重塑与人类命运共同体的构建

Reshaping Global Order and a Community with a Shared Destiny for Mankind

金融危机后,全球政治经济格局发生显著变化,引发了新一轮的全球秩序大辩论;新冠疫情扩散和俄乌冲突爆发,令这一问题再次成为焦点。在各种力量分化组合和重新构建的同时,全球基石性制度的有效性和权威性备受冲击,全球文化形态趋于多样化。近年来全球秩序动荡的原因可以从权力、制度和文化三个维度进行剖析。在权力维度,新兴国家的出现令国际力量对比发生了变化,东西方政治对立加剧;世界权力中心的多极化和权力主体的多元化使大国对权力的垄断出现裂缝,也使国家行为体对权力的约束愈发困难;在制度维度,全球制度化的密度分布不均、深度欠缺、内化度出现问题,令既有基石性制度的有效性和权威性遭受质疑和破坏;在文化维度,全球秩序覆盖面扩展,其间所流行的文化观念发生转变,“西方中心观”受到质疑,新道路和新发展模式日渐显现。三个维度的变化,拉大了全球权力结构和治理框架间的鸿沟,使既有秩序面临严峻挑战。中国提出的构建人类命运共同体理念,从政治与安全观、经济与发展观、全球治理观、文明价值观方面,为重塑全球秩序提供了新的价值引领;构建人类命运共同体的具体实践,在政治、经济和全球治理等不同领域为探索全球秩序重塑提供了新的路径和方案。

After the financial crisis, the global political economic structure significantly changed, which triggered new debates on global order. The diffusion of COVID-19 and the outbreak of the Russian-Ukraine Crisis exacerbated these debates on global order. While various forces have been reorganized and reconstructed, the effectiveness and authority of basic global institutions have been undermined and forms of global culture have become diversified. In recent years the changes in global order can be analyzed from the dimensions of power, institutions and culture. From the dimension of power, the emergence of newly risen states changed the distribution of power in the world, and intensified the opposition between the East and the West;from the dimension of institutions, the density of global institutions is distributed unequally, with less depth and internalization, which has made the effectiveness and authority of such institutions doubted and impaired;from the dimension of culture, the coverage of global order has expanded, the former popular cultural values have undergone transformations as Western-centric views have been challenged and the existing order therefore became contested. China’s conception of a community with a shared future for mankind provides a new leading value for reshaping global order from the political and security view, the economic and development view, the global governance view, and civilizational values. The practice of constructing a community of a shared future for mankind provides new paths and solutions for reshaping global order in the fields of politics, economics and global governance.