乡村空间重构与土地利用转型耦合机制及路径分析

The driving mechanism and path analysis of the coupling development of rural spatial reconstruction and land use transformation

科学揭示乡村空间重构与土地利用转型的耦合发展关系,有利于为中国乡村振兴和城乡融合发展提供理论基础和实践依据。运用文献综述、理论分析阐释二者的耦合机理及驱动因子。主要结论如下:(1)重构乡村空间是对新一轮乡村转型发展要求的积极回应,土地作为乡村地域的关键发展要素,通过其利用形态的多维转化适应不同的空间重构场景。(2)乡村空间重构是土地利用转型的重要驱力,也为土地利用转型提供不竭的现实需求,土地利用的成功转型是乡村空间重构结果的显著表征,二者交互影响,存在耦合互动关系。(3)空间规划、政策制度、产业结构、利益主体及生态理念的多轮驱动机制共同对其耦合关系施加影响,不同作用机制下的作用效力、方向有所不同。(4)新时代下促进乡村空间重构与土地利用转型耦合发展的一个重要思路是全方位探寻土地利用优化转型的多维路径,总体上应立足生态文明的价值位序,以空间规划为约束机制,以产业结构升级为诱发机制,以多方利益协调为保障机制,同时创新土地政策制度机制,从而提高耦合水平,助力乡村振兴战略实施。

With the rapid advancement of urbanization and industrialization in China,the social structure and economic development model of rural areas and the development of spatial systems such as ecological system have changed significantly,followed by the change of land use form in different regions.Thus,revealing scientifically the coupling development relationship between rural spatial restructuring and land use transition,and discussing the coupling mechanism and optimal path are conducive to providing theoretical basis and practical basis for China’s rural revitalization and urban-rural integrated development,which is meaningful both in theory and practice.This study used literature review theory to analyze and explain the coupling mechanism and driving factors of rural spatial restructuring and land use transition.The main conclusions are drawn as follows:(1)The reconstruction of rural space is a positive response to the new round of rural transformation and development requirements.As a key development element of rural region,land can adapt to different spatial reconstruction scenes through the multi-dimensional transformation of its utilization forms.(2)Rural spatial restructuring is an important driving force for land use transformation,and it also provides inexhaustible realistic demands for land use transformation.The successful land use transformation is a significant representation of the results of rural spatial restructuring,and there is a coupling interaction between the two.(3)This paper constructs a multiwheel driving mechanism of their coupling development,the direction of the effect path is different under different action mechanisms.More specifically,spatial planning and policy system design are indispensable constraints and regulation mechanisms of coupled development;the transformation of industrial structure and the change of economic system have obvious driving and catalytic benefits in deepening the coupling relationship between the two.In addition,the coupling relationship between rural spatial restructuring and land use transformation is deeply constrained by the behavior of multiple stakeholders,so the protection and coordination of the ownership rights of relevant stakeholders should run through the coupling development from the end to the end.Finally,establishing the value order of ecological priority is of great significance to the coupling evolution process.(4)In the New Era,it is important to explore the multi-dimensional path of land use optimization to promote coupled development.On the whole,the core values of ecological civilization should be established,spatial planning should be taken as the constrained mechanism,industrial structure upgrading as the induced mechanism,multi-stakeholder coordination as the guaranteed mechanism.Meanwhile,the land policy system mechanism should be innovated.Only in this way can we improve the coupling level and facilitate the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy.