制度与行动者网络:新加坡环境精细化治理的实践及其启示

Institution and Actor-Network:The Practice and Enlightenment of Singapore’s Environmental Refinement Governance

环境精细化治理具有“横向到边、纵向到底”的无缝隙治理优势、“动态感知、即时响应”的敏捷治理优势和“资源占用少、治理成本低”的简约治理优势。然而,受体制惯性、利益博弈和技术障碍等多重因素的制约,中国城市环境精细化治理的固有功能及其成效并未得到充分发挥。尽管中国环境精细化治理的外部环境、内部条件与新加坡有所不同,但二者之间在基础层面上仍存在较大的共通性与相似性。考察新加坡的精细化治理实践可以发现,新加坡通过制度与行动者网络的互嵌,化解了环境治理过程中的供需脱节、流程繁琐、标准不一等难题,实现了环境精细化治理的规范化、常态化、长效化。在“双碳”背景下,新加坡环境精细化治理的“制度—行动者网络”的双轮驱动逻辑,对我国城市环境治理提供了有益启示。

Environmental refinement governance has the advantages of seamless governance of “combination of horizontal and vertical systems”, agile governance of “dynamic perception and instant response”, and simple governance of “less resource occupation and low governance cost”. However, restricted by multiple factors such as institutional inertia, game of interests and technical obstacles, the inherent functions and effects of environmental refinement governance in China have not been fully brought into play. Although the external and internal conditions of China’s environmental refinement governance are different from those of Singapore, there are still great commonalities and similarities between them at the basic level. By investigating Singapore’s environmental refinement governance, it can be found that Singapore, through the inter-embedding of institutions and actor-network, has resolved the problems of disconnected supply and demand, cumbersome processes, and different standards in the process of environmental governance, and has achieved an environmental refinement governance pattern of standardization, normalization and long-term effectiveness. In the context of “dual carbon”, the two-wheel driving logic of “institution and actor-network” of Singapore’s environmental refinement governance provides useful inspiration for China's urban environmental governance.