教育现代化的公平之维:演进、困境与突围之策

The Equality Dimension of Educational Modernization:Evolution,Dilemma and Strategy

公平处于教育现代化价值基础与衡量标准的核心地位。新中国成立以来,我国经历了扫盲教育的前公平时期、普及义务教育的底线公平时期、义务教育均衡发展的分配公平时期,体现教育现代化的演进趋势及其发展程度。处在推进教育现代化的新时期,教育公平面临核心教育资源的制度性分配不公、精英阶层享有隐性教育特权与弱势群体面临社会排斥等三重困境。追求优质均衡与高位均衡的教育公平,在理念上需要维持公平正义的价值准则,在顶层设计中应着力构建公平、效率与质量耦合协同的优良教育制度,在实践中致力于矫正与消除诸种非正义。

Equality lies in the core of the value basis and measuring standard of educational modernization.Since the founding of the PRC,China has gone through the pre-fair period of literacy education,the baseline-fair period of universal compulsory education,and the distribution-fair period of balanced development of compulsory education,which reflects the evolution trend and development degree of educational modernization.In the new phase of promoting educational modernization,the institutional unfair distribution of core educational resources,the implicit educational privilege enjoyed by the elite and social exclusion suffered by the disadvantaged groups have become dilemmas of educational fairness.In the pursuit of high-quality and high-level balance of educational equity,it is necessary to maintain the value standard on fairness and justice in theory,and focus on building a professional educational system that combines fairness,efficiency and quality together in the top-level design,and devote to correcting and eliminating all kinds of injustice in practice.