无名的工艺:以和蜡烛为例论日本民艺运动

The Unknown Folk Craft:A Discussion on Japanese Mingei Movement with the Example of Warosoku

日本民艺运动强调民艺品需要由无名工匠按照传统手工制作,但过度强调民艺的部分特质反而令民艺品以及艺术家创作的艺术作品变得难以区分。文章通过检视少为人知的工艺品和蜡烛,尝试引起学界对民艺理论的思考和讨论。和蜡烛的制作方式多年来经历众多变化,本文将集中描述其三项最主要的技术创新,并分析和蜡烛在一系列变化中保持“寂寂无名”的原因。

The Japanese Mingei(folk craft) Movement stresses that folk crafts should be handmade by unknown craftsmen with traditional techniques.However,overemphasizing specific characteristics of folk art contradictorily makes it difficult to distinguish folk art and works of art created by other artists.By reviewing the history of warosoku( "Japanese candle"),a nearly unknown Japanese craft,this article revisits this issue and discusses how we should understand Mingei theories.Warosoku making has gone through many changes over the years.This article focuses on three major technical innovations and provides a probable reason why warosoku remained ’unknown’ despite all these changes.