微针制备用聚合物材料研究进展

Research progress of polymer materials for preparation of microneedles

微针属于非侵入性经皮给药方式,显示出较高的生物利用度,避免了药物在胃肠道的降解和首过效应。微针材料的选择从不锈钢到硅再到陶瓷,虽各有优点,但均因生物相容性、皮内残留不降解的问题而逐渐被淘汰。聚合物因具有生物相容性、生物可降解、毒性较低、韧性良好和成本低等特点,逐渐成为微针制备的首选材料。聚合物制备微针后通过光学、机械力测试系统,皮肤模型及动物模型等表征手段来确认微针的安全有效。本文主要对微针制备中所使用的聚合物材料及微针表征的新进展进行综述,以期对微针的产业化研究提供借鉴。

Microneedles are non-invasive transdermal drug delivery mode,which shows high bioavailability and avoiding drug degradation and first pass metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract.The selection of microneedle materials from stainless steel to silicon to ceramic,have their own advantages,but they are gradually eliminated due to the problems of biocompatibility and non-degradable properties of intradermal residues.Polymer is the preferred material for the manufacture of microneedles due to its biocompatibility,biodegradability,low toxicity,sufficient toughness and economic cost.After the preparation of polymer microneedles,the most important work is to confirm the safety and effectiveness of the microneedles through optical system,mechanical force testing system,skin model and animal model.This paper mainly summarizes the new progress of polymer materials prepared by microneedles and the characterization of microneedles,in order to provide reference for the industrialization research of microneedles.