西安市儿童友好型城市公共服务空间绩效特征与规划调控

Spatial Structure Characters and Planning Control for Children Friendly Public Service Space,Xi’an

我国“十四五”规划纲要首次提出建设儿童友好型城市,紧跟全球儿童友好型城市建设步伐并积极探索整合资源与提升品质共赢的中国模式。我国西部地区关于儿童友好型城市建设的先行城市较少,急需开展相关研究。文章以西安市为研究对象,依据第七次全国人口普查数据,以6个主城区中的55个街道为单元分析儿童人口空间分布的结构特征;根据不同年龄段儿童的需求建立多层级、多要素的公共空间服务评价体系,并运用空间分析方法从供需角度测度面向儿童的实际公共服务空间水平及供需中的数量结构匹配程度和水平差异程度,进而提出保量增效、联动增效和模式增效的发展建议,以期为我国西部地区探索儿童友好型城市建设模式和儿童友好导向的公共空间环境研究方法与规划实践提供科学支撑及评价依据。

Following the global children-friendly city construction movement,China’s 14th Five-Year Plan proposed the construction of"children-friendly city"for the first time to explore the Chinese model that integrates resources and improves quality for a win-win result.Compared with the eastern region,the western region has less practice in building child-friendly cities,and the promotion is relatively slow.The paper takes 55 streets in 6 districts of Xi’an as research objects to analyze the children population distribution characters based on the 7th national population census data.According to the needs of children at different ages,a multi-level and multi-factor evaluation system of public space services is established.The spatial analysis method is used to measure actual public service level for children in quantity and quality based on"supply and demand".It further puts forward development suggestions of guaranteed efficiency,linkage efficiency and mode efficiency to promote children friendly city and public space development.