冷疗对运动员运动性疲劳改善效果的Meta分析

A Meta Analysis of the Effects of Cryotherapy on Athletes’Exercise-Induced Fatigue

目的:选择有效的生理学指标来评价运动疲劳是体育科学领域关注的热点问题。本文选择血清肌酸激酶(CK)、运动表现指标深蹲跳(CMJ)和主观判断指标迟发性肌肉酸痛(DOMS)三个维度的指标来探讨冷疗对运动性疲劳的改善效果,为冷疗促进运动员运动性疲劳的改善提供相关证据,并为科研人员和教练员提供理论参考。方法:在中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据库、维普数据库(VIP)、谷歌学术、Pubmed、Web of science和EBSCO host数据库,以“冷疗(cryotherapy)”“冷水浴(cold water immersion)”“运动员(athletes(or athlete or players player))”“运动性疲劳(exercise-induced fatigue)”“疲劳恢复(eliminate exercise fatigue)”“消除恢复(exercise fatigue recovery)”等主题词进行检索。运用Review Manager5.3软件对纳入的8篇文献进行统计分析。结果:冷疗干预可以显著地改善运动员的CK水平(WMD=-68.22,95%CI:-109.83~-26.6,Z=3.21,P<0.01)以及DOMS程度(WMD=-1.9,95%CI:-2.25~-1.28,Z=6.5,P<0.01),但对CMJ的改善效果不太显著(WMD=-0.38,95%CI:-2.94~2.19,Z=0.29,P=0.77)。结论:冷疗可促进运动员疲劳恢复的改善,不同的冷疗方式均对运动性疲劳起到缓解作用,但对运动表现的作用不太明显。

OBJECTIVE:Selection of effective physiological indicators to evaluate exercise-induced fatigue is a hot issue in the field of sports science.This paper presents an explorative study of the relief effect of cryotherapy on exercise-induced fatigue,using three indicators:serum creatine kinase(CK),exercise performance measure countermovement jump(CMJ)height,and subjective ratings of delayed-onset muscle soreness(DOMS).It provides relevant evidence for cryotherapy to relieve athletes’exercise-induced fatigue and provides theoretical reference for researchers and coaches.Methods:Searches by words such as"cryotherapy","cold water immersion","athletes(or athletes or players player)""exercise induced fatigue"(eliminate exercise diet)"Exercise Diet recovery"in CNKI,Wanfang database,VIP database,Google Scholar,PubMed,web of science and EBSCO host database were conducted.The Review Manager 5.3 software was used to perform a statistical analysis of the eight documents.RESULTS:the cryotherapy intervention can significantly increase the CK level(WMD=-68.22,95%CI:-109.83~-26.6,z=3.21,P<0.01)and the degree of DOMS(WMD=-1.9,95%CI:-2.25~-1.28,z=6.5,P<0.01),but the effect on CMJ is less significant(WMD=-0.38,95%CI:-2.94~2.19,z=0.29,P=0.77).CONCLUSIONS:cryotherapy can facilitate athletes’exercise fatigue elimination.Different cryotherapy methods can alleviate exercise-induced fatigue but have little effect on sports performance.