单、双侧复合式训练对篮球运动员下肢爆发力影响的对比实验研究

A Comparative Experimental Study of the Effects of Unilateral and Bilateral Compound Training on the Explosive Power of Lower Limbs of Basketball Players

目的:分析单侧复合式训练与双侧复合式训练对篮球运动员下肢爆发力影响的差异性。方法:分别采用单侧与双侧复合式训练对18名篮球运动员进行6周的力量训练干预,测试纵跳摸高、助跑单腿起跳摸高、助跑双腿起跳摸高和10米冲刺干预训练前后的成绩,采集实验数据,并用独立样本T检验(SPSS25.0统计软件)对组间的实验数据进行统计和分析讨论。结果:①纵跳摸高测试中单侧复合式训练组的提高率为5.6%,双侧复合式训练组的提高率为2.1%,两组间的提高率存在显著性差异,即P<0.05。②单侧复合式训练组在助跑单脚起跳测试中的提高率是为4.5%,双侧组为1.2%,两组间的提高率存在显著性差异,即P<0.05。③在助跑双脚起跳测试中,单侧组的提高率为3.7%,双侧组的提高率为3.3%,两组组间的提高率无显著性差异,即P>0.05。结论:①单侧复合式训练是一种有效的训练方式,它能提升篮球运动员的下肢爆发力。②单侧复合式训练在提高纵跳摸高、助跑单腿起跳摸高、10米冲刺成绩上,训练效果优于双侧复合式训练组。③测试指标成绩的提高与干预训练动作模式有很强的关联性。

OBJECTIVE:This paper presents an analysis of the difference between unilateral complex training and bilateral compound training on the explosive power of lower limbs of basketball players.METHODS:eighteen basketball athletes took 6-week strength training intervention with unilateral and bilateral compound training,respectively.Before and after intervention training,they were tested vertical jump height,run-up single-leg jump height,run-up double-leg jump height,and 10-meter sprint,and the test results and experimental data were collected.The experiment data of the two groups were statistically analyzed and discussed by an independent sample T test(SPSS25.0 statistical software).RESULTS:(a)in the vertical jump height test,the improvement rate of the unilateral compound training group was 5.6%,and that of the bilateral compound training group was 2.1%.There was a significant difference in the improvement rate between the two groups,namely P<0.05.(b)The rate of improvement of the unilateral compound training group in the run-up single-leg jump height test was 4.5%,and that of the bilateral training group was 1.2%.There was a significant difference in the rate of improvement between the two groups,that is,P<0.05.(c)In the run-up double-leg jump height test,the improvement rate of the unilateral group was 3.7%,and the improvement rate of the bilateral group was 3.3%.There was no significant difference in the improvement rate between the two groups,namely P>0.05.CONCLUSIONS:(a)unilateral compound training is an effective training method,which can improve the explosive power of lower limbs of basketball players.(b)The unilateral compound training group had better results than the bilateral compound training group in the vertical jump height,the run-up single-leg jump height and the 10-meter sprint.(c)There is a strong correlation between the improvement of the test indicators and the action pattern of the intervention training.