研究生推免制度的要素、困境及举措--以社会学制度主义解析

Elements, Difficulties and Actions of the Recommendation System in Gradu⁃ ate Enrollment: From the Perspective of Sociological Institutionalism

研究生推免政策实行至今,具备推免资格的学生比例和高校的数量规模不断递增。借助社会学制度主义的三大要素作为理论框架,可以分析研究生推免制度的规制性、规范性和文化-认知性要素。当前我国研究生推免制度面临部分院校由于推免新政而出现强制性趋同、招录环节普遍看出身的规范性趋同和考生为获得推免资格弄虚作假的模仿性趋同。因此,应优化研究生推免制度设计、发挥“优中选优”的价值引领、探索符合院校特色的选拔管理机制、加强各方的共同理解和文化支持,以进一步完善研究生推免制度。

Since the implementation of the recommendation policy,the number of students and universi⁃ties with the recommendation of exam-exemption has been on the rise.Under the framework of the sociological institutionalism,three elements including the regulative,normative and cultural-cognitive ones in graduate rec⁃ommendation system are analyzed.Currently this system is confronted with regulative convergence due to the latest policy in 2014,normative convergence in recruitment procedure and imitative convergence among stu⁃dents who practice fraud for the qualification.Therefore,efforts should be made to optimize the design of the postgraduate recommendation system,give full play to the value guidance of“cherry-pick”,explore the recruit⁃ment management mechanism suitable for practicing in universities,enhance common understanding and cultur⁃al support from all sides in order to improve the postgraduate recommendation system.