基于博弈论Shapley值法的集体经营性建设用地入市流转收益分配研究

Research on the Distribution of Income from the Circulation of Collective Operation Construction Land into the Market Based on Game Theory Shapley Value Method

集体经营性建设用地入市流转收益如何在政府、集体与农户个体间实现均衡分配是土地制度改革顺利推进的关键所在。实践中各地对入市土地范围边界认知模糊,对土地增值本质内涵理解不足,流转收益分配缺乏理论支持、具有随意性,致使问题与矛盾频发,农民权益得不到保障。本文在文献梳理的基础上,明晰入市流转收益的本质来源,以各主体参与流转的贡献值为基础,运用文本分析法和博弈论Shapley值法得出三者应得收益比例大致为23.05%~31.31%、54.40%~64.25%与12.70%~18.28%。结合实证研究,解析实际与理论存在偏差的原因主要是土地成本测算复杂和各主体利益诉求不一致,收益分配比例受到土地级别、土地用途、流转方式、单位面积流转价格、政府国土空间规划及市场供求关系的影响,因此不同地区可在此基础上制定差异化的收益分配标准,实现收益的科学合理分配。

How to achieve a balanced distribution of the proceeds from the circulation of collective operation construction land into the market is the key to the smooth progress of the reform of the land system.In practice,the localities have a vague understanding of the boundaries of the scope of land entering the market,insufficient understanding of the essential connotation of land appreciation,and a lack of theoretical support for the distribution of circulation benefits,resulting in frequent problems and contradictions,and the rights and interests of farmers cannot be guaranteed.On the basis of literature combing,this paper clarifies the essential source of the income from the market circulation,based on the contribution value of each subject participating in the circulation,and uses the text analysis method and the game theory Shapley value method to obtain the ratio of the three due benefits to roughly 23.05%~31.30%,54.40%~64.25%and 12.70%~18.28%.Combined with empirical research,the reason for the deviation between actual and theoretical analysis is mainly due to the complexity of land cost calculation and the inconsistency of the interest demands of various entities,and the proportion of income distribution will also be affected by land level,land use,circulation mode,circulation price per unit area,government land spatial planning and market supply and demand,so for different regions,differentiated income distribution standards can be formulated on this basis to achieve scientific and reasonable distribution of benefits.