未成年人责任年龄双层模式的考量与构建

Consideration and Construction of the Dual Model of Juvenile Responsibility Age

为应对我国未成年人犯罪的低龄化、恶劣化问题,我国的刑事责任年龄进行了下调,但是未成年人罪错行为责任承担的问题并没有因此得到妥善解决。我国的单一刑事责任年龄制度不仅在理论上存在刑法教义学与刑事政策学的冲突,而且在司法实践上应对未成年人罪错行为的多样化也会愈加乏力。通过对域外少年责任年龄双层模式的研究,以少年司法领域内责任年龄的设置、少年司法内部各项年龄限制标准的细化以及少年司法与刑事司法之间“移送制度”的建立为框架,构建出适用我国未成年人司法现状的未成年人双层责任年龄模式,不仅能为妥善化解单一刑事责任年龄制度下理论和实践上的双重难题提供一种可能的范式,也能为我国罪错未成年人的矫治提供责任承担的基础。

In order to deal with the problem of juvenile delinquency in China,the age of criminal responsibility has been lowered,but the demand of responsibility assuming has not been properly solved.In China,the single criminal responsibility age not only has the theoretical conflict between the doctrine and the policy of criminal law,but also the power to solve the diversification of juvenile delinquency in judicial practice will become weak.Through the study of the dual model of juvenile responsibility age outside the country,according to the setting of responsibility age in the field of juvenile justice,the refinement of various age limitation standards in juvenile justice and the establishment of the“transfer system”between juvenile justice and criminal justice as the framework,the dual model of juvenile responsibility age in China is constructed.In this way,it provides a possible paradigm for properly resolving the double dilemma in theory and practice under the single age of criminal responsibility system,and provides a basis for the correction of juvenile delinquency in our country to assume responsibility.