中国民间神奇故事的狂欢化书写

A Study on the Carnivalization of Chinese Folk Magical Tales

巴赫金的狂欢化诗学理论开辟了民间文学研究的新思维和新境界,狂欢化的本质是表现人类生活原生态的生命意识和艺术想象;狂欢是具有世界性的文化现象,中国民间的聚会、集会和公众表演,同世界性的狂欢文化有一定程度的一致性;中国民间神奇故事彰显了中国民间文学的狂欢化叙事特征,它将神话中的奇幻想象运用到现实生活中,通过各种幽默、诙谐、怪诞的狂欢化叙事手法,展现了下层或边缘社会人们对美好生活的希求和意愿;从狂欢化视角探讨中国民间神奇故事的书写特征,对于阐发狂欢化元素在中国民间故事中的现象学存在,以及由此而体现的东方文化形态的独特文化建构都有特定的学术价值。

Bakhtin’s poetic theory of carnivalization has opened up a new way of thinking and broken new ground in the study of folk literature.Carnivalization is aimed to express the original life consciousness and artistic imagination of human life in nature.Carnival is a worldwide cultural phenomenon,and therefore Chinese folk gatherings,rallies and public performances are in a way consistent with it.Carnivalization,one of the features of Chinese folk literature,is demonstrated in Chinese folk magic tales.Fantastical imagery of mythology is applied to real life,and various humorous,witty and grotesque carnivalesque narrative techniques are used to demonstrate the aspirations and wishes of people in lower or marginalized societies for a better life.The paper aims to explore the narrative features of Chinese folk magical tales from the perspective of carnivalization,which is also of particular academic value in elucidating the phenomenological presence of carnival elements in Chinese folk tales,and the distinctive form of oriental culture construction reflected in the process.