2020年东京奥运会男子竞技体操实力格局分析

Analysis on the Strength Pattern of Men’s Artistic Gymnastics in 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games

运用文献资料法、观察法、比较研究法等,对2020年东京奥运会男子竞技体操参赛情况及比赛成绩进行分析,全面审视当今世界男子竞技体操实力格局,剖析中国体操男队在东京奥运会中的表现及存在问题,并据此提出我国男子竞技体操实力提升策略。结果表明:1)2020年东京奥运会男子竞技体操项目参赛国家主要集中于亚洲和欧洲,相较前3届奥运会,各国参赛运动员和获奖牌运动员年龄段均“后移”,最佳竞技状态延长,获奖牌运动员年龄相对集中。2)中国男子竞技体操队整体竞技实力位列第1位,团体竞技实力格局呈现中、日、俄三足鼎立,亚、欧国家(地区)单项竞技实力占绝对优势,获奖牌国家(地区)范围增加,该项目世界影响力不断扩大,显示出动作难度与质量并重的奖牌竞争特点。3)中国男子竞技体操在东京奥运会上取得优异成绩的同时也暴露出难度动作缺乏、发挥不稳定、后备人才储备不足、运动损伤较为严重等问题。结论:1)男子竞技体操项目在全世界范围内普及与推广不均衡。2)亚、欧国家(地区)是世界男子竞技体操团体与单项奖牌竞争的主要区域。3)中国男子竞技体操运动员动作质量、难度与稳定性有待进一步提升。建议:重视基本动作模式训练与突破难度动作相结合,巩固优势,补齐短板;“学知识、练能力、常参赛”,多措并举提升竞技体操后备人才的竞技实力与竞技精神;“体能+恢复+康复”三位一体,预防运动损伤,提升训练效益。

Using the methods of literature review,observation,comparative research,etc.,to analyze the participation situation and competition results of men’s artistic gymnastics in the 2020 Tokyo Olympics,comprehensively examine the current world men’s artistic gymnastics strength pattern,and analyze the performance of the Chinese men’s artistic gymnastics team in the Tokyo Olympics,the existing problems,and based on this,put forward a strategy for improving the strength of our country’s men’s artistic gymnastics.The results show:1)The participating countries of the men's artistic gymnastics at the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games are mainly concentrated in Asia and Europe.Compared with the previous three Olympic Games,the age groups of participating athletes and medal-winning athletes from all countries have“shifted back”,the best competitive state has been extended,and the age of medal-winning athletes is relatively concentrated.2)The overall competitive strength of the Chinese men’s artistic gymnastics team ranks first.The team’s competitive strength pattern shows that China,Japan,and Russia are the top three.Asian and European countries(regions)have an absolute advantage in individual competitive strength.The range of winning countries(regions)has increased,showing the world influence of the artistic gymnastics continues to expand.The characteristics of medal competition equally emphasis on the difficulty and quality of the movements.3)While Chinese men’s artistic gymnastics achieved excellent results in the Tokyo Olympics,it also exposed problems such as lack of difficult movements,unstable performance,insufficient reserve talent reserves,and serious sports injuries.Conclusions:1)The popularity and promotion of men’s artistic gymnastics is uneven in the world.2)Asian and European countries(regions)are the main areas where the world men’s artistic gymnastics team competes with individual medals.3)The movement quality,difficulty and stability of Chinese men’s artistic gymnastics need to be further improved.It is recommended to attach importance to the combination of basic movement mode training and breakthrough difficult movements,consolidate advantages and make up for shortcomings;“learn knowledge,practice ability,and frequently participate in competitions”,and take multiple measures to improve the competitive strength and competitive spirit of competitive gymnastics reserve talents;“physical fitness+recovery+rehabilitation”trinity to prevent sports injuries and improve training efficiency.