大型煤电化基地固废分质分类 资源化利用研究

Study on qualitative classified resource utilization of solid wastes in large-scale coal,power and coal chemical industry cluster base

宁东能源基地煤炭资源储量丰富,是我国具有代表性的煤炭、电力、煤化工产业集群基地之一,开发过程中产生的煤基固废合理处置与资源化利用问题成为制约该区域可持续发展的难题之一。针对宁东地区大型煤电化基地固废产量大、利用率低、尚无成熟的规模化利用技术及解决方案等问题,通过对5种典型大宗煤基固废基本材料性质及其相对应的市场应用原料性能分析,总结研究了大型煤电化基地固废分质分类资源化利用技术路径。研究表明,煤基固废的基本材料性质取决于产废企业煤炭开采及煤炭转化利用运行条件,产废企业对煤基固废基本材料性质的认知和固废生产环节相对应的原料品质管控,是煤基固废分质分类、原料化、资源化利用的基础;井下绿色充填、沉陷区密实回填复垦、活性粉体及高值化建材和生态修复材料4项关键技术经示范工程应用推广后,可支撑宁东地区煤基固废利用率由目前的42%提高到80%以上;宁东地区煤基固废利用途径应以年消纳量千万吨级别的井下绿色充填和采煤沉陷区回填为主,以活性粉体及高值化建材、生态修复材料等万吨百万吨级别增值利用方式为辅,该方式可取代目前以填埋为主的固废处置方式。

Ningdong Energy Base is rich in coal resources and is the most representative coal,power and coal chemical industry cluster base in China.The reasonable disposal and resource utilization of coal-based solid waste generated in the resource development process has become one of the problems restricting the sustainable development of the region.Aiming at the problems of massive solid waste production,low utilization rate and lack of mature large-scale utilization technology and solutions in large-scale coal,power and coal chemical industry cluster base in Ningdong region,through the analysis of the basic material properties of five typical bulk coal-based solid wastes and raw material property requirements of their corresponding market applications,this paper summarizes and studies the technology path of solid waste qualitative classified resource utilization in large coal,power and coal chemical industry cluster base.The research shows that the basic material properties of coal-based solid waste depend on the operation conditions of coal mining and coal conversion,the recognition of basic material properties of coal-based solid waste and the quality control of raw materials corresponding to solid waste production by waste producing enterprises are the basis of quality classification,materialization and resource utilization of coal-based solid waste.The utilization rate of coal-based solid waste in Ningdong region can be increased from 42%to more than 80%after the demonstration project application and promotion of the four technologies including green mining filling,dense backfill reclamation,activated powder,high-value building materials and ecological restoration materials.The utilization path of coal-based solid waste in Ningdong region should be mainly based on underground green mining filling and coal mining subsidence area backfill with annual consumption of more than 10 million tons,supplemented by value-added utilization modes of activated powder and high-value building materials and ecological restoration materials of greater than 0.01 to 1 million tons annually.This method can replace the current solid waste disposal method mainly based on landfill.