黄河流域产业生态化时空格局及其影响因素

Spatial-temporal patterns and influencing factors of industrial ecologization in the Yellow River Basin

产业生态化是生态文明建设与高质量发展的重要内容,科学认知产业生态化时空格局演变特征及其影响因素可为流域生态保护和高质量发展提供借鉴。本文从产业与生态两个系统维度构建产业生态化综合评价指标体系,采用熵值法、耦合协调模型、泰尔指数和Tobit回归模型对黄河流域9省区2005—2019年产业生态化水平进行定量测度,阐明其时空格局演化特征,并探究其影响因素。结果表明:(1)黄河流域9省区产业生态化水平总体呈上升趋势,空间分异特征显著,呈“东强西弱”的空间格局,具体表现为下游地区发展水平较高且增速较快,而上游地区尤其是青海省和甘肃省产业生态化进程较为落后,且差距不断扩大。(2)各省区产业系统与生态系统总体上由失调向协调方向发展,但速率有所减慢,耦合协调度仍有待提升。(3)各省区间产业生态化耦合协调度差异明显,但呈现不断减小的趋势,亟需建立以产业生态化和生态产业化为主体的生态经济体系,以促进流域生态保护和高质量发展。(4)经济发展与产业生态化水平呈显著的“U”型关系,清洁生产和市场化程度对产业生态化水平的提升起正向作用,末端治理和财政分权起负向作用,产业集聚效应尚不明显。

Industrial ecologization is an important issue in the ecological civilization construction and high-quality development.Understanding of the spatial-temporal evolution characteristics of industrial ecologization and its influencing factors can provide insights into watershed ecological protection and high-quality development.In this study,we established a comprehensive evaluation index system of industrial ecologization from two dimensions,i.e.,industrial system and ecosystem,and quantitatively measured the levels of industrial ecologization of nine provinces in the Yellow River Basin from 2005 to 2019 by using the entropy method,the coupling coordination model,the Theil index,and the Tobit regression model.The evolution characteristics of spatial-temporal pattern of industrial ecologization level were expounded,and the influencing factors were explored.The results showed that:(1)The industrial ecologization level of nine provinces generally showed an upward trend with significant spatial differentiation characteristics,and exhibited a spatial pattern of“strong in the east and weak in the west”.Specifically,the development level of downstream area was higher and growth rate was faster,while in the upstream area,especially in Qinghai and Gansu provinces,the process of industrial ecologization significantly lagged the other provinces,and the gap continued to expand.(2)The industrial system and ecosystem in various provinces had gradually developed from imbalance to the coordination,but the development rate had been slowed down,indicating that the coupling coordination degree should be further improved.(3)The coupling coordination degree of industrial ecologization differed greatly among these provinces,but the difference showed a decreasing trend over time.It is urgently needed to establish an ecological-economic system with industrial ecologization and ecological industrialization as the main body to promote the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin.(4)There was a significant“U-shaped”relationship between economic development and industrial ecologization,in which the cleaner production and the degree of marketization play a positive role in improving industrial ecologization,while the end-of-pipe control and fiscal decentralization play a negative role,and the effect of industrial agglomeration is not obvious.