农户分化视域下农村养老保险选择新趋向——基于江苏省18个村庄1302份样本的实证分析

The New Trend of Rural Endowment Insurance Choice from the Perspective of Farmers'Differentiation——An Empirical Analysis Based on 1302 Samples from 18 Villages in Jiangsu Province

农户分化是农村社会经济结构性变化的产物,对农村养老保障体系建设具有深远的影响。本文基于江苏省苏南、苏中、苏北18个村庄1302份调研数据,采用中介效应模型,考察农户分化对农村社会养老保险参保决策的影响。研究表明:农户分化促使补充养老保险(企业年金)和商业养老保险成为农户养老选择的新趋向,城乡居民基本养老保险在适应新时期农户养老需求方面略显不足;提升农户养老保险政策认知有助于提高农户参保意愿。鉴于此,本文提出:继续推进农村多层次养老保险体系建设、完善城乡居民基本养老保险待遇调整机制、扩大进城务工人员企业年金参保率、创新发展商业养老保险产品,加强养老保险政策宣传引导,为建设具有中国特色的农村养老保障制度提供参考。

The differentiation of farmers is the product of the structural changes of rural society and economy,and has a profound impact on the construction of the rural old care security system.Based on 1,302 survey samples from 18 villages in southern Jiangsu,central Jiangsu and northern Jiangsu,the mediation effect model is used to examine the impact of rural household differentiation on the decision-making of rural endowment insurance participation.The research shows that:the differentiation of farmers makes supplementary pension insurance(enterprise annuity)and commercial pension insurance become the new trend of farmers'pension choices,and the basic pension insurance for urban and rural residents is slightly insufficient in adapting to farmers'pension needs in the new period.Improving farmers'awareness of endowment insurance policies will help improve farmers'willingness to participate in the insurance.In view of this,the following is proposed:continue to promote the construction of the rural multi-level pension insurance system,improve the adjustment mechanism of basic pension insurance benefits for urban and rural residents,expand the enterprise annuity participation rate of migrant workers,innovate and develop commercial endowment insurance products,strengthen the publicity and guidance of endowment insurance policies,and provide reference for the construction of a rural endowment security system with Chinese characteristics.