社区老年人群主观认知下降与握力的相关性研究

Correlation study between subjective cognitive decline and grip strength in elderly community population

目的探讨社区老年人群主观认知下降(SCD)与握力的关系及相关危险因素。方法于2021年1—3月采用方便抽样法选取安徽省宿州市东关社区264名常住居民作为研究对象,根据主观认知下降问卷9(SCD-Q9)评估的结果分为SCD组(153例)和非SCD组(111例)。2组研究对象均进行一般信息问卷调查、体格检查、生化指标等相关检查,采用握力器测量双手握力。收集2组人群的检测结果进行比较,采用logistic回归分析,逐步选择法将性别、年龄等混杂因素纳入回归模型中,分析主观认知下降与握力的相关性。结果(1)264名研究对象中主观认知下降153例,占57.95%。(2)SCD组的握力[(23.08±3.09)kg]明显低于非SCD组[(27.99±4.79)kg],差异有统计学意义(t=8.475,P<0.001)。(3)2组年龄、性别、睡眠情况比较差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。(4)Logistic回归分析显示,未调整混杂因素,握力与主观认知下降之间有相关性(OR=0.723,95%CI:0.664~0.788,P<0.001);调整相应混杂因素后,握力与主观认知下降仍有相关性(OR=0.716,95%CI:0.653~0.786,P<0.001)。结论低握力、女性、高龄、失眠是SCD的危险因素,握力测量具有简易、低成本、操作性强等优点,可作为社区评估认知功能下降的一项指标。

Objective To explore the relationship between subjective cognitive decline(SCD)and grip strength and identify related risk factors in the elderly population in a certain community.Methods A total of 264 permanent residents in a community in Suzhou,Anhui Province,were selected as research objects by convenient sampling method from January to March of 2021.According to the evaluation results of subjective cognitive decline questionnaire 9(SCD-Q9),they were divided into two groups:the SCD group(153 cases)and the healthy control group(111 cases).General information questionnaire survey,physical examination,biochemical indexes and other related examinations were conducted.The test results of the two groups were collected for comparison.The relationship between grip strength and subjective cognitive decline was analysed by logistic regression analysis and step-to-step selection method,which included confounding factors such as gender and age into the regression model.Results(1)There were 153 cases of subjective cognitive decline in 264 subjects,accounting for 57.95%.(2)The grip strength of the SCD group(23.08±3.09)kg was significantly lower than that of the control group(27.99±4.79)kg,and the difference was statistically significant(t=8.475,P<0.001).(3)Statistically significant differences in age,sex and sleep status were noted between the two groups(P<0.05).(4)Logistic regression analysis showed a correlation between grip strength and subjective cognitive decline without adjusting for confounding factors(OR=0.723,95%CI:0.664-0.788,P<0.001),as well as a correlation between grip strength and subjective cognitive decline after adjusting for corresponding confounding factors(OR=0.716,95%CI:0.653-0.786,P<0.001).Conclusion Low grip strength,female,advanced age and insomnia are the risk factors for SCD.The measurement of grip strength has the advantages of simplicity,low cost and strong operability,and it can be used as an index for community assessment of cognitive decline within a population.