糖尿病并发肺结核病痰涂片和培养检查阳性的影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors of positive sputum smear and culture in patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis

目的 探讨糖尿病并发肺结核病痰涂片和培养检查阳性的影响因素。方法 1495例糖尿病并发肺结核病患者,统计患者年龄、初复发、症状、空洞数、诊断类型等资料,并进行糖尿病并发肺结核病痰涂片和培养检查阳性影响因素的Logistic回归分析。结果 1495例患者中,痰涂片和培养检查阴性638例,阳性857例。痰菌阴性患者年龄为(57.82±2.06)岁,痰菌阳性患者年龄为(55.58±1.96)岁;痰菌阴性患者中出现咳嗽、咳痰、发热、咳血、胸痛的症状分别为47、76、281、95、47例,痰菌阳性患者中出现咳嗽、咳痰、发热、咳血、胸痛的症状分别为42、110、468、115、50例;痰菌阴性患者中空洞数为0、1、2、≥3个分别为451、175、11、1例,痰菌阳性患者中空洞数为0、1、2、≥3个分别为421、368、52、16例;痰菌阴性患者中诊断类型Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ型分别为4、556、3、75例,痰菌阳性患者中诊断类型Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ、Ⅴ型分别为2、829、4、22例。痰菌阴性与阳性患者的年龄、初复发情况、症状、空洞数、诊断类型比较,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。经Logistic回归分析显示,痰涂片和培养检查阳性的影响因素包括确诊年龄、初复发、空洞数(P<0.05)。结论 糖尿病并发肺结核病痰涂片和培养检查阳性的影响因素主要为确诊年龄、疾病初复发情况、空洞数,根据影响因素采取合理措施对疾病进行治疗具有重要意义。

Objective To discuss the influencing factors of positive sputum smear and culture in patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods A total of 1495 patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled in this study.The data such as age,initial recurrence,symptoms,number of cavities,and diagnosis types were counted,and Logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the factors influencing positive sputum smear and culture tests in diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis.Results Among 1495 patients,sputum smear and culture test were negative in 638 cases and positive in 857 cases.The age of sputum-negative patients was(57.82±2.06)years old,and the age of sputum-positive patients was(55.58±1.96)years old.The symptoms of cough,sputum,fever,hemoptysis and chest pain in sputum-negative patients were 47,76,281,95 and 47 cases respectively,and the symptoms of cough,sputum,fever,hemoptysis and chest pain in sputum-positive patients were 42,110,468,115 and 50 cases respectively.The number of cavities in sputum-negative patients was 0,1,2,and≥3,which were 451,175,11,and 1 case;the number of cavities in sputum-positive patients was 0,1,2,and≥3,which were 421,368,52,and 16 cases.There were 4,556,3,and 75 cases of diagnosis typeⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,andⅤin sputum-negative patients;and 2,829,4,and 22 cases of diagnosis typeⅡ,Ⅲ,Ⅳ,andⅤin sputum-positive patients.There were statistically significant differences in age,initial recurrence,symptoms,number of cavities,and diagnosis types between sputum-negative and positive patients(P<0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of positive sputum smear and culture included the age of diagnosis,initial recurrence and the number of cavities(P<0.05).Conclusion The related factors of positive sputum smear and culture in patients with diabetes mellitus complicated with pulmonary tuberculosis are mainly age of diagnosis,initial recurrence of disease,number of cavities,which is of great significance for taking reasonable measures to treat the disease according to the influencing factors.