新生儿上呼吸道解脲支原体和无乳链球菌感染的流行病学分析

Epidemiological analysis of ureaplasma urealyticum and Streptococcus agal actiae infection in newborn upper respiratory tract

目的:分析新生儿上呼吸道解脲支原体(UU)和无乳链球菌(GBS)感染的流行病学特征。方法:运用聚合酶链反应技术和传统细菌培养方法检测1206例新生儿的咽拭子标本,分析其发生解脲支原体、无乳链球菌感染的具体情况。结果:1206例患儿解脲支原体的总感染率、无乳链球菌的总感染率分别为12.02%和1.07%,男患儿与女患儿解脲支原体的感染率、无乳链球菌的感染率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。1206例患儿中男、女患儿上呼吸道解脲支原体感染的发生率及治愈率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。进行解脲支原体感染DNA检测的结果显示,145例解脲支原体感染患儿中男患儿与女患儿的低拷贝率、高拷贝率相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);其中男、女患儿的低拷贝率均低于高拷贝率,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。145例解脲支原体感染患儿中早产儿、新生儿败血症患儿、新生儿高胆红素血症患儿、高危儿和其他疾病患儿的占比相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。13例无乳链球菌感染患儿中早产儿、新生儿败血症患儿、新生儿高胆红素血症患儿、高危儿和其他疾病患儿的占比相比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:新生儿上呼吸道感染解脲支原体和无乳链球菌的传播途径主要是母婴传播,患儿感染解脲支原体后咽喉部所携带的病原体数量较多,且感染情况不受性别差异的影响。解脲支原体和无乳链球菌感染均可引起新生儿各系统的多种疾病,应引起临床重视,及时予以干预。

Objective:To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of ureaplasma urealyticum(UU)and Streptococcus agalactiae(GBS)infection in newborn upper respiratory tract.Methods:Polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and traditional bacterial culture were used to detect the infection of ureaplasma urealyticum and Streptococcus agalactiae in 1206 neonates.Results:The total infection rates of ureaplasma urealyticum and Streptococcus agalactiae in 1206 children were 12.02%and 1.07%,respectively.There was no statistical significance in the infection rates of ureaplasma urealyticum and Streptococcus agalactiae in male and female children(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the incidence and cure rate of ureaplasma urealyticum infection of upper respiratory tract in 1206 male and female children(P>0.05).The results of DNA detection of ureaplasma urealyticum infection showed that there was no statistical significance in low copy rate and high copy rate between male and female children in 145 cases of ureaplasma urealyticum infection(P>0.05).The low copy rate of male and female children was lower than that of high copy rate,the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of premature infants,neonatal septicemia,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,high-risk infants and other diseases among 145 cases of ureaplasma urealyticum infection(P>0.05).There was no significant difference in the proportion of premature infants,neonatal septicemia,neonatal hyperbilirubinemia,high-risk infants and other diseases among the 13 cases of streptococcus agalactiae infection(P>0.05).Conclusion:The transmission route of ureaplasma urealyticum and Streptococcus agalactiae in newborn upper respiratory tract infection is mainly mother-to-child transmission,and the number of pathogens in the throat of children infected with ureaplasma urealyticum is higher,and the infection situation is not affected by gender difference.Both ureaplasma urealyticum and Streptococcus agalactiae infection can cause various diseases in various systems of neonates,which should be paid attention to clinically and intervened in time.