基于“循环—协同”模型的农村生活垃圾治理机制与趋势研究

Research on the Mechanism and Trend of Rural Domestic Waste Governance Based on the"Circulation-Collaboration"Model

文章运用系统动力学建立农村生活垃圾治理“循环—协同”模型,对其系统构成和治理机制进行逻辑分析,运用我国2007—2017年相关统计数据进行实证检验,并以村民参与为调节变量进行仿真测试,结合2017年以来农村生活垃圾治理工作示范县的经验,揭示农村生活垃圾“循环—协同”互构治理趋势。由农村生活垃圾产生子系统、分类收集子系统、运输子系统、处理与资源化利用子系统构成的“循环经济”系统和由政府投入、市场运作、村民参与构成的“多元治理”系统之间交互演化,形成“循环—协同”互构治理机制,成为影响农村生活垃圾治理效能的关键制度性因素。多元治理主体之间并不是此消彼长的关系,而是随着循环经济系统运转的不同阶段呈现出不同的协同趋势。因此,要构建农村生活垃圾“循环经济”与“协同治理”的时空耦合机制,优化政府在农村生活垃圾“循环—协同”治理中的“元治理”功能,推进村民在与政府和市场的互动共振中走向“内源式治理”之路。

This paper analyzes the composition and governance mechanism of rural domestic waste treatment system according to the"circulation-collaboration"model from the theory of system dynamics,makes an empirical test,using the relevant statistical data of China from 2007 to 2017,and reveals the"circulation-collaboration"interactive governance trend of rural domestic waste by carrying out simulation test with villagers’participation as the regulating variable,combined with the experiences of national demonstration counties since 2017.It is found that the interactive evolution between the"circular economy"system composed of sub-systems of rural domestic waste generation,classification collection,transportation,as well as processing and resource utilization,and the"multi-governance"system composed of government investment,market operation,and villagers’participation constitute the"circulation-collaboration"interactive mechanism,which has become a key institutional factor affecting the efficacy of rural domestic waste governance.The relationship between the multi-governance subjects is not that between wane and wax,but has different synergy trends at different stages of the circular economy system.Therefore,it is proposed to build a spatial-temporal coupling mechanism between the circular economy and collaborative governance,optimize the"meta governance"function of the government in the"circulation-collaboration"governance of rural domestic waste,and push the villagers to move towards the road of"endogenous governance"in the interaction and resonance together with the government and the market.