提升对外迁产业供应链的可控力--中国制造业产业链外迁问题研究

Enhancing the Controlling Capability of the Industrial Chain and Supply Chain Transfer-Research on the Transfer of China’s Manufacturing Industry Chain

产业链外迁事关中国产业链供应链的安全稳定。当前在要素结构转型和产业升级及各种不确定因素的影响下,中国产业链外迁趋势明显,突出表现为外迁的环节和外迁主要目的地相对集中、外迁的主动与被动动机并存等特征。中国产业链外迁近年来形成了迥然不同的两种模式,即承接地与国内供应链互补的“中国—东南亚模式”、承接地与国内供应链竞争的“中国—印度模式”。为应对以上两种模式,提升中国对外迁产业供应链的可控力是关键。在战略战术上,形成相互可控的供应链是各国产业链合作的博弈均衡;在实现手段上,提升自主创新能力,同时发挥具有核心竞争力的跨国公司和有经验的管理人员在技术创新和拓展国际供应链网络的作用;在政策支撑上,要在开放中提升对中国供应链体系竞争力的支持。

Industrial chain offshoring concerns the security and stability of China’s industrial chain and supply chain.At present,under the influence of factor structure transformation,industrial upgrading and various uncertain factors,the outward transfer trend of China’s industrial chain is obvious,which is highlighted by the relatively concentrated links and main destinations,and the coexistence of active and passive motivation of outward transfer.In recent years,two different patterns have been formed in global transfer of Chinese industrial chain,namely,the“China-Southeast Asia Mode”in which the undertaking destination is complementary to the domestic supply chain and the“China-India mode”in which the undertaking destination is competitive to the domestic supply chain.In response to the above two patterns of Chinese industrial chain transfer,it is particularly important to improve the controllable force of the supply chain of China’s overseas transfer industries.Strategically and tactically,the formation of mutually controllable supply chain is the game balance of industrial chain cooperation among countries;In terms of the means of implementation,improving the ability of independent innovation,meanwhile expanding the international supply chain network by relying on transnational corporations and experienced managers abroad.Regarding policy support,we should enhance the support for the competitiveness of China’s supply chain system in the continuous promotion of opening-up.