含磷丙烯酸酯核壳阻燃剂的合成及在聚乳酸中的应用

Synthesis of Phosphorus Containing Acrylate Core-Shell Flame Retardant and Its Application in Poly(lactic acid)

为了同时改善聚乳酸(PLA)的阻燃性和韧性,文中以甲基膦酸二乙酯丙烯酸酯(DEAMP)为核层材料、甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)为壳层材料、三烯丙基异氰酸酯(TAIC)为核层交联剂,通过种子乳液聚合法,制备了平均粒径约190 nm的含磷丙烯酸酯核壳阻燃剂(P-CM)。透射电镜图片显示了典型的核壳结构;差示扫描量热分析和热重分析结果表明,P-CM核层、壳层的玻璃化转变温度分别为-13.6℃和115.6℃、初始分解温度(Td5%)为263℃、分解后残余物为36%。将5%P-CM用于增韧和协效10%APP/5%β-CD阻燃的PLA,结果表明,与10%APP/10%β-CD阻燃的PLA比,极限氧指数(LOI)提高了5.7%;冲击强度提高了182.5%,拉伸强度提高了2.9%,断裂伸长率增加了28.9%,获得了具有高阻燃性和高韧性的PLA材料。

In order to simultaneously endow the flame retardancy and toughness of poly(lactic acid)(PLA),a phosphorus containing acrylate core-shell flame retardant(P-CM)with an average particle size of about 190 nm was prepared by seed emulsion polymerization using diethyl methylphosphonate acrylate(DEAMP)as core material,methyl methacrylate(MMA)as shell material and three allyl isocyanate(TAIC)as crosslinking agent.TEM results show that it has a typical core-shell structure.The thermal properties of PLA materials were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC)and thermogravimetric analysis(TG).The results show that the glass transition temperatures of the core and shell of P-CM are-13.6℃and 115.6℃respectively,the initial decomposition temperature(Td5%)is 263℃,and the residue after decomposition is 36%.After adding 5%P-CM to toughen and synergistic flame retarding PLA with 10%App/5%β-CD,its limiting oxygen index(LOI)value is increased by 5.7%.It is worth mentioned that the toughness of modified P-CM is improved greatly,in which the impact strength,tensile strength and elongation at break are increased by 182.5%,2.9%and 28.9%,respectively.The PLA material with high flame retardancy and toughness is obtained.