浅析数控铣加工中的刀具及切削用量的选择

数控编程时,正确选用刀具和设置切削参数十分重要,它不仅对零件的加工质量起主要作用,还显著影响零件加工的效率、成本和机床功效的发挥,甚至关乎人员和设备的安全。本文介绍了刀具的分类,对于铣加工刀具、孔加工刀具分别从刀具的耐用度、刀具刚性、断屑等方面介绍了刀具的选用原则,对刀具切削速度、进给速度、背吃刀量等选择原则进行了详细总结,并根据材料种类、硬度、加工精度等给出了推荐的切削用量,对提高数控程序的编制、零件加工质量有较大帮助。

The choice of cutting tools and parameters in numerical control programming is very important,which not only affects the product quality of processed parts,but also determines the processing efficiency,the processing cost and the effectiveness of machine tools,and even relates to the safety of personnel and equipment.This paper introduces the classification of cutting tools,analyzes the selection principles of the milling cutter and hole cutting tools from the aspects of the tool durability,the tool rigidity and the chip breaking,summarizes the selection methods of the cutting speed,the feed speed and the back cutting depth in detail,gives the recommended cutting parameters according to the material type,hardness and machining accuracy,and improves the numerical control programming and machining quality of parts.