北京大学医学部第二班主任育人机制研究

Study on the educational mechanism of the second head teacher in the Peking University Health Science Center

为深入落实立德树人根本任务,北京大学建立“第二班主任”制度。立德树人,从本质上说是对大学生价值观和道德行为的塑造。本研究结合北京大学医学部推行第二班主任制度以来的情况,于2021年1月至2022年1月,对7名学生进行半结构化访谈。访谈提纲基于社会学习理论设计。对5万余字的访谈文本资料的编码后,提取出高校第二班主任育人机制的5个主题,分别为信任关系的建立、信任关系的强化、立德树人过程中的榜样作用、立德树人作用的内化过程和学生对于第二班主任制度的感受。研究发现主动接近学生、让学生觉得被重视、与学生有共同点更容易让学生建立信任感。以稳固的信任关系为基础的良好师生关系,有助于使学生将老师视为榜样。而榜样作用会进一步促使学生主动接受第二班主任传递的价值观,并将其内化为自己的目标,从而对积极的行为进行持续的强化,对学生的成长成才产生积极而深远的影响。本研究剖析了第二班主任制度在立德树人过程中的内在机制,证实了其育人成效,可以为高校进一步加强立德树人工作提供借鉴。

In order to accomplish the fundamental task of establishing moral integrity in cultivation,Peking University has constructed a“second head teacher”system.In essence,establishment of moral integrity in cultivation is aiming for shaping of college students'values and moral behavior.Based on the situation since the implementation of the second head teacher system in school of Public Health,Peking University,this study conducted semi-structured interviews with 7 students from January 2021 to January 2022.The interview outline is designed based on social learning theory.After coding the interview text data of more than 50000 words,we extracted five themes of the education mechanism of the second head teacher system,including the establishment of trust relationship,the strengthening of trust relationship,the role of example in the process of building virtue and cultivating people,the internalization process of the role of building virtue and cultivating people,and students'feelings about the second head teacher system.The results show that it is easier for students to build a sense of trust by actively approaching students,making students feel valued and having something in common between students and teachers.A good teacher-student relationship based on a solid trust relationship helps students to follow teachers'role modeling.The role modeling of teachers may further promote students to actively accept the values transmitted by the“second head teacher”and internalize them into their own goals,so as to continuously strengthen their positive behavior and have a positive and a long-term impact on students'development.To sum up,this study analyzes the internal mechanism of the“second head teacher”system in the process of building morality and cultivating people,confirms its educational effect and has a positive reference for other medical schools to further strengthen the work of building morality of medical students.