地中海饮食对2型糖尿病患者心血管危险因素影响的Meta分析

The effects of Mediterranean diet on cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes:a Meta-analysis

目的探讨地中海饮食对2型糖尿病患者血糖控制及心血管危险因素的影响。方法从建库截至2021年12月,对PubMed,Cochrance临床对照试验注册中心,Cochrance图书馆,Embase,中国知网,万方医学网系统地检索有关2型糖尿病患者地中海饮食的临床随机对照试验,进行Meta分析。主要观察指标为心血管危险因素,采用均数差(mean difference,MD)及95%可信区间来估计效应量。结果最终有6项随机对照试验1181名研究对象符合纳入标准进入Meta分析,干预组与对照组相比,可明显降低2型糖尿病患者收缩压(MD=-1.20,95%CI-2.21~-0.19)及舒张压(MD=-4.17,95%CI-7.12~-1.22)的水平,但2组之间总胆固醇(MD=2.92,95%CI-0.84~6.67)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(MD=2.33,95%CI-0.27~4.92)及低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(MD=-2.34,95%CI-5.67~0.99)水平比较差异无统计学意义。结论地中海饮食对2型糖尿病患者血压控制有明显益处,但对于血清学指标的影响有待于进一步验证。

Objective To investigate the effect of Mediterranean diet on blood glucose control and cardiovascular risk factors in patients with type 2 diabetes.Methods As to December 2021,the PubMed,Cochrance Central Register of Controlled Trials and Cochrance Database,Cochranc Library,Embase,China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Medical Network system were searched for clinical randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of Mediterranean diet in patients with type 2 diabetes to conduct Meta-analysis The main observation index were cardiovascular risk factors,and the mean difference and its 95%confidence interval were used to estimate the effect size.Results There were six RCTs,and 1181 patients met the inclusion criteria and entered the Meta-analysis.Compared with the control group,the intervention group can significantly reduce the level of systolic blood pressure(MD=-1.20,95%CI-2.21 to-0.19)and diastolic blood pressure(MD=-4.17,95%CI-7.12 to-1.22)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus,but there were no significant difference in the level of TC(MD=2.92,95%CI-0.84 to-6.67),HDL(MD=2.33,95%CI-0.27 to-4.92)and LDL(MD=-2.34,95%CI-5.67 to-0.99)between the two groups(all P>0.05).Conclusions The meta-analysis provided evidence the Mediterranean diet showed the beneficial improvements in blood pressure glycemic control,but the effect of Mediterranean diet on lipid profile was not significant,which needed further verification.