有效衔接视角下农村产业发展模式与演进路径——基于江西省P县的调研

Rural industrial development model and evolution path from the perspective of effective connection——based on the investigation in P County,Jiangxi Province

产业是巩固脱贫攻坚和实现乡村振兴的关键和载体。基于对江西省P县的调研发现,产业发展经历了三个阶段:以政府主导的扶贫模式、以能人大户为主导的过渡模式、以村集体为主导的振兴模式。通过分析三个不同层次的产业治理体系发现产业发展是从“扶持型”向“内源式”发展的转变,此过程拓展了治理主体,优化产权结构,促进产业结构升级。同时这种内生的产业发展模式也存在治理资源不匹配、政策依赖、连接机制不顺畅等潜在隐患。鉴于此,应引入市场化的产业治理资源,理顺主体权责关系,提升村级产业治理能力,拓展群众与产业发展联结形式,循序渐进的推进扶贫产业持续发展。

Industry is the key and carrier to consolidate poverty alleviation and realize rural revitalization.Based on the survey of P County in Jiangxi Province,it is found that the industrial development has experienced three stages:the poverty alleviation model led by the government,the transition model led by capable people and large households,and the revitalization model led by village collectives.Through the analysis of three different levels of industrial governance systems,it is found that industrial de⁃velopment is a transformation from"supporting"to"endogenous"development.This process expands the governance subject,op⁃timizes the property right structure and promotes the upgrading of industrial structure.At the same time,this endogenous industri⁃al development model also has potential hidden dangers,such as mismatched governance resources,policy dependence,unfavor⁃able connection mechanism and so on.In view of this,we should introduce market-oriented industrial governance resources,straighten out the relationship between main rights and responsibilities,improve the village level industrial governance ability,di⁃versify the connection between the masses and industrial development,and gradually promote the sustainable development of pov⁃erty alleviation industry.