盐生植物盐爪爪种子营养成分评价

Evaluation of the nutrient components in seeds of the halophyte Kalidium foliatum

为更好地发掘和利用治理土壤盐渍化的优良盐生植物盐爪爪(Kalidium foliatum),采用离子交换色谱仪法、火焰原子吸收光谱法等测定方法,分析评价了盐爪爪种子营养物质组成及食用价值。结果表明,盐爪爪种子主要营养物质含量分别为蛋白质204 g·kg^(-1)、脂肪54 g·kg^(-1)、粗纤维45 g·kg^(-1)、碳水化合物379 g·kg^(-1)。含18种氨基酸,氨基酸总含量为205.8 g·kg^(-1),其中必需氨基酸占氨基酸总量的26.82%,赖氨酸含量最高为11.3 g·kg^(-1),必需氨基酸指数为120.40,蛋白质营养价值较高。微量元素含量分别为铁332 mg·kg^(-1),锌44.1 mg·kg^(-1),钙1590 mg·kg^(-1)。脂肪酸主要成分为亚油酸、油酸和亚麻酸,人体必需脂肪酸为73.91%。综上所述,盐爪爪种子有益营养成分种类丰富,可作为高蛋白、高粗纤维、富铁功能型食品加工的理想原料。

In order to better utilize the halophyte for controlling soil salinization,the nutrient composition and edible value of Kalidium foliatum seeds were analyzed and evaluated using ion exchange chromatography and flame atomic absorption spectrometry.The results showed that the major nutrients in K.foliatum seeds were protein(204 g·kg^(-1)),fat(54 g·kg^(-1)),crude fiber(45 g·kg^(-1)),and carbohydrates(379 g·kg^(-1)).There were 18 amino acids in K.foliatum seeds.The total amino acid content was 205.8 g·kg^(-1),of which essential amino acids accounted for 26.82%.The lysine content was the highest,at 11.3 g·kg^(-1),and the essential amino acid index was 120.40.Protein has high nutritional value in K.foliatum seeds.The trace element contents were 332 mg·kg^(-1) for iron,44.1 mg·kg^(-1) for zinc,and 1590 mg·kg^(-1) for calcium.The major fatty acids were linoleic acid,oleic acid,and linolenic acid,and the content of the fatty acids essential for human nutrition was 73.91%.In summary,K.foliatum seeds are rich in nutrients and can be used as ideal raw materials for the development of highprotein,high-crude fiber,and iron-rich functional foods.