中华苏维埃共和国小学教科书革命叙事研究

A Study on the Revolutionary Narrative of Primary School Textbooks in the Chinese Soviet Republic

中华苏维埃共和国小学教科书在知识选择与叙事逻辑上带有浓烈的革命色彩。教科书描绘了一个泾渭分明的阶级社会,借助一系列鲜活的人物、故事,从各个角度呈现中国共产党和苏维埃政府形象,展现领袖、政府和工农之间的密切关系。教科书通过对革命不同角度的解读,把中国共产党对儿童的角色期望显性或隐性呈现于教科书中。教科书作为中华苏维埃共和国文化建设的重要组成部分,在普及苏维埃革命理念、塑造党的形象、传播革命文化中发挥了重要作用。教科书通过广泛设立的列宁小学,将革命文化以合法的知识进入儿童的认识系统,塑造着苏区儿童的世界观。

The primary school textbooks of the Chinese Soviet Republic possessed a strong revolutionary tinge in its knowledge selection and narrative logic.The textbooks depict a distinct class society,by using a series of vivid characters and stories to effectively present the images of the Chinese Communist Party and the Soviet government from various angles,showing the close relationship between leaders,the government,workers,and peasants.Through the interpretation the revolution from different perspectives,the textbooks explicitly or implicitly present the Chinese Communist Party’s expectations for children.As an important part of the cultural construction of the Chinese Soviet Republic,the textbooks have played an important role in popularizing the idea of Soviet revolution by displaying the Chinese Communist Party’s image and spreading revolutionary culture.The textbooks,through the widely established Lenin Primary Schools,introduce the Soviet revolutionary concept into children’s cognitive system as legal knowledge and then shape the world outlook of the children in the Soviet areas.