大豆异黄酮的代谢及其对动物肠道保护机制的研究进展

Research Progress on Metabolism of Soybean Isoflavone and Its Protective Mechanism on Intestine of Animals

大豆异黄酮是广泛存在于豆科植物中的一种多酚类化合物,具有抗炎、抗菌、抗氧化、抗肿瘤、调节肠道菌群结构等多种生物活性,但其生物利用率有限,活性物质的作用机制尚未明确。目前,对于大豆异黄酮的代谢研究主要集中在肝脏代谢,而忽略了肠道微生物与大豆异黄酮的相互作用,最新研究表明,肠道微生物能对大豆异黄酮的化学结构进行生物转化,生成雌马酚等代谢产物进而发挥生物活性;同时,其代谢产物又可反向调节肠道的微生物组成与免疫机能,这为研究大豆异黄酮的代谢与肠道保护机制提供了新的思路。本文阐述了大豆异黄酮在动物体内的代谢过程及其对动物肠道的保护机制,为深入研究大豆异黄酮在动物体内的代谢特征及活性作用机制提供科学参考。

Soybean isoflavone is a kind of phenol compounds widely existed in legumes.It has many biological functions including anti-inflammatory,antibacterial,antioxidation,anti-tumor and regulating gut microbiota.However,its bioavailability is limited,and mechanism of action of the active substances are not well elucidated.At present,studies on the metabolism position of soybean isoflavones mainly focus on the mechanism in liver,whereas ignoring the interaction between intestinal microorganisms and soybean isoflavones.Recent studies showed that intestinal microorganisms could convert soybean isoflavones into equol and other metabolites,which elicited a variety of biological functions.Meanwhile,the metabolites of soybean isoflavones can regulate the microbial composition and immune function of the intestine,which provides a new idea for studying the metabolism and intestinal protection mechanism of soybean isoflavones.In this review,the metabolic process of soybean isoflavones in animals and the protective mechanism on animal intestine were described,aiming to provide scientific reference suggestion for further study of metabolic characteristics and modulation mechanism of soybean isoflavones in animals.