颗粒型全混合日粮中添加枸杞渣对育肥滩羊生长性能、消化代谢、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响

Effects of Granular Total Mixed Ration with Lycium barbarum Dregs on Growth Performance,Digestion and Metabolism,Antioxidant Capacity and Immune Function of Fattening Tan Sheep

本试验旨在研究颗粒型全混合日粮中添加枸杞渣对育肥滩羊生长性能、消化代谢、抗氧化能力和免疫功能的影响。选取健康无病、体重为(23.01±0.69)kg的滩羊公羔32只,随机分成4组,每组8只羊。4组滩羊分别饲喂含0(对照组)、2%(试验Ⅰ组)、5%(试验Ⅱ组)、8%(试验Ⅲ组)枸杞渣的试验饲粮。各组饲粮营养水平相近,且均以颗粒型全混合日粮形式饲喂。预试期20 d,正试期80 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,饲粮添加2%、5%或8%枸杞渣极显著提高了干物质采食量(P<0.01)。2)试验Ⅰ组与试验Ⅱ组的粗蛋白质表观消化率显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其他养分表观消化率各组间虽差异不显著(P>0.05),但均以试验Ⅱ组最高;与对照组相比,饲粮添加2%、5%或8%枸杞渣极显著提高了消化氮、氮消化率、进食氮、沉积氮和消化能(P<0.01),饲粮添加5%枸杞渣极显著提高了氮的生物学价值(P<0.01),添加2%或5%枸杞渣极显著提高了氮的利用率(P<0.01)。3)在试验第20天时,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性显著高于对照组和试验Ⅰ组(P<0.05);在试验第80天时,试验Ⅱ组血清T-SOD活性显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。4)在试验第80天时,各试验组血清免疫球蛋白A(IgA)含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组血清免疫球蛋白G(IgG)和免疫球蛋白M(IgM)含量极显著高于对照组(P<0.01);在试验第60天时,试验Ⅱ组和试验Ⅲ组血清IgG含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,颗粒型全混合日粮中添加枸杞渣可以提高育肥滩羊的养分表观消化率,增强抗氧化能力和免疫功能,在本试验条件下,以添加水平为5%时效果最佳。

The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of granular total mixed ration with Lycium barbarum dregs on the growth performance,digestion and metabolism,antioxidant capacity and immune function of fattening Tan sheep.Thirty-two healthy male Tan sheep lambs with the body weight of(23.01±0.69)kg were selected and randomly divided into 4 groups with 8 sheep in each group.Tan sheep in the 4 groups were fed the experimental diets containing 0(control group),2%(test groupⅠ),5%(test groupⅡ)and 8%(test groupⅢ)Lycium barbarum dregs,respectively.The nutrient levels of the diets in 4 groups were similar,and they were all fed in the form of granular total mixed diet.The preliminary period was 20 days,and the formal experiment period was 80 days.The results showed as follows:1)compared with the control group,adding 2%,5%or 8%Lycium barbarum dregs in the diet extremely significantly increased the dry matter intake(P<0.01).2)The apparent digestibility of crude protein in the test groupⅠand the test groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),although the apparent digestibility of other nutrients was not significantly different among the groups(P>0.05),but all of them had the highest values in the test groupⅡ.Compared with the control group,adding 2%,5%or 8%Lycium barbarum dregs in the diet extremely significantly improved the digestible nitrogen,nitrogen digestibility,nitrogen intake,deposited nitrogen and digestible energy(P<0.01),adding 5%Lycium barbarum dregs in the diet extremely significantly improved the biological value of nitrogen(P<0.01),and adding 2%or 5%Lycium barbarum dregs in the diet extremely significantly improved the nitrogen utilization(P<0.01).3)On the 20 th day of the experiment,the serum total superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activity in the test groupⅡand the test groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of the control group and test groupⅠ(P<0.05);on the 80 th day of the experiment,the activity of serum T-SOD in the test groupⅡwas significantly higher than that in other groups(P<0.05).4)On the 80 th day of the experiment,the serum immunoglobulin A(IgA)content in each test group was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05).The contents of serum immunoglobulin G(IgG)and immunoglobulin M(IgM)was extremely significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.01);on the 60 th day of the experiment,the serum IgG content in the test groupⅡand test groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).To sum up,adding Lycium barbarum dregs in the granular total mixed ration can improve the nutrient apparent digestibility,antioxidant capacity and immune function of fattening Tan sheep.Under the experimental conditions,the effect is the best when the addition level is 5%.