典型区域扶贫建设与生态修复的现状与趋势分析——以大小凉山连片特困区为例

Current Situation and Trend Analysis of Poverty Alleviation Construction and Ecological Restoration in Typical Regions:Take Liangshan Mountains Contiguous Destitute Areas as an Example

大小凉山连片特困区为大小凉山水土保持及生物多样性生态功能区与乌蒙山区重叠区域。就发展建设看,目前该区域范围仅有沐川县脱贫,其余区县均还处于扶贫攻坚的关键时期;就生态保护看,该区域是长江、珠江上游重要的生态保护区,但由于前期粗放型发展导致产生了很多亟待解决的环境问题。本文利用地理国情监测数据,从农业发展、人类建设、生态修复三方面进行监测分析,结果显示,2015—2018年,区域内人口增长较快,人类建设力度加大,但同时人均耕地、人均林草地减少。发展与环境的矛盾加剧导致人口资源环境矛盾突出、生态环境脆弱等后果,故有必要对该区域进行持续监测分析,既可以深层次挖掘生态修复和扶贫开发存在的问题,也可为政府精准扶贫和生态保护提供参考依据。

Liangshan mountains contiguous destitute areas belong to biodiversity ecological function area,water and soil conservation ecological function area,and also belong to the special poverty area(Wumengshan area).As far as development and construction,only Muchuan county has been lifted out of poverty in this region.The rest of the counties are still in the critical period of poverty alleviation;As far as ecological protection,this area is an important ecological protection area in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and Pearl River,but the intensive development in the early stage has led to many environmental problems to be solved urgently.Based on the monitoring data of geographical conditions,this paper makes analysis from three aspects:agricultural development,human construction and ecological restoration.The results show that the population growth in the region is fast and human construction is intensified from 2015 to 2018,but at the same time the per capita arable land and forest and grassland decrease.Contradiction between development and environment may accelerate and lead to prominent contradiction between population,resources and environment,fragile ecological environment and other consequences[1].Therefore,it is necessary to carry out continuous monitoring and analysis of the region,which can not only deeply excavate the problems existing in ecological rehabilitation and poverty alleviation development,but also provide a reference for the precise poverty alleviation and ecological protection of the government.