天津市中心城区城市公园空间布局均衡性分析

Analysis on Spatial Distribution Equilibrium of City Parks in Tianjin Downtown Area

公园是居民亲近自然、放松锻炼的重要场所,充分且平衡的公园分布对满足居民生活需求、提高居民的获得感和满足感至关重要。目前,天津市中心城区公园空间分布的研究基本为零,空间布局均衡性有待考证。本次研究基于洛伦兹曲线与基尼系数分析法、传统面积统计分析法、核密度分析法、基于建筑物分布的空间布局分析法,定量分析天津市中心城区居民每日使用城市公园社交、锻炼的便捷性和公平性,对城市公园规划提供参考。研究显示,和平区应着力提升公园面积;南开区、红桥区应着重增加小型城市公园,避免大型景点类公园建设;而河西、河东、河北三辖区应适当在盲区范围内增加城市公园,避免公园服务不饱和造成的资金浪费情况,在有限的资金及建设用地情况下,达到最优规划。

Urban parks are important places for residents to exercise,relax and get close to nature.Sufficient and balanced distribution of urban parks is essential to meet the requirements of residents and improve their sense of gain and satisfaction.At present,there is few research on the spatial distribution of parks in the central urban area of Tianjin,and the balance of spatial distribution needs to be verified.In this research,the convenience and fairness of residents′daily use of urban parks for social and exercise in central urban area of Tianjin will be analyzed based on the Lorentz curve and Gini coefficient analysis,traditional area statistical analysis,nuclear density analysis,and spatial distribution analysis based on building distribution to provide reference for city park planning.The result indicates that Heping District should focus on increasing the area of parks;Nankai District and Hongqiao District should focus on planning and designing some small city parks,instead of large scenic parks;Hexi,Hedong and Hebei District should plan and design urban parks in the blind zone appropriately,to avoid wasted funds caused by unsaturated park services.The allocation of city parks should achieve optimal planning under the limit of spending and construction land.