基于无人机的大比例尺地形图快速生产方法研究

Research on Rapid Production Method of Large-scale Topographic Map Based on UAV

为解决传统依靠野外实测手段生产地形图效率低、受环境影响大的问题,本文提出了一种应用无人机倾斜摄影测量技术实现大比例尺地形图快速生产的方法。首先,采用差分型多旋翼无人机获取航拍过程精确的摄站坐标,并在空中三角测量过程中,引入GPS辅助自检校光束法平差模型,提升三维建模精度,降低对地面控制点布设数量的需求;然后,将三维模型导入EPS信息采集平台,对地物进行采集,完成大比例尺地形图生产;最后,对成图精度和质量进行分析。实验结果表明:本文方法仅需在任务区布设少量的控制点,即可满足比例尺为1∶500地形图生产的精度要求,有效提升了工程效率,降低了生产成本。

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and great environmental impact in the traditional production of topographic maps by field measurement,a method of rapid production of large-scale topographic maps by using UAV tilt photogrammetry technology is proposed in this paper.Firstly,the differential multi-rotor UAV is used to obtain the accurate photographing station coordinates in the aerial photographing process,and the GPS assisted self-calibration bundle adjustment model is introduced in the aerial triangulation process to improve the accuracy of three-dimensional modeling and reduce the demand for the number of ground control points;Then,the three-dimensional model is imported into EPS information acquisition platform to collect ground objects and complete the production of large-scale topographic map;Finally,the mapping accuracy and quality are analyzed.The experimental results show that this method can meet the accuracy requirements of topographic map production with a scale of 1∶500,effectively improve the engineering efficiency and reduce the production cost.