老龄化背景下“住区—公园”步行环境满意度研究

Research on Pedestrian Environment Satisfaction of“Resident-Park”Under the Background of Aging

城市公园是城市老年人日常游憩的场所。随着我国人口结构日益老龄化,老年人日常游憩需求不断增加。“住区—公园”步行环境的适老化建设对老年人出行具有积极影响,是鼓励老年群体进行户外休闲的重要途径。研究选取老龄化、城市化均较高的南京市,通过问卷调查获取老年人对住区到莫愁湖公园步行环境满意度数据并采用SPSS软件进行分析。研究发现:影响老年人的“住区—公园”步行环境的满意度评价因子分别为安全性、可达性、舒适性、愉悦性;其中影响老年人步行环境满意度的最重要因素是可达性;不同社会属性老年人之间的步行环境满意度存在显著差异。基于研究结果,从步行环境可达性、安全性等方面提出具体的优化方向,以期为适老化步行环境的更新改造提供兼顾公园内外的视角。

An urban park is a place for the urban elderly to have daily recreation.With the aging of the population in China,the daily recreation needs of the elderly are increasing.The construction of a“residence-park”pedestrian environment for the elderly positively impacts their travel,which is a critical way to encourage the elderly to have outdoor leisure.In this study,Nanjing,a city with a high degree of aging and urbanization,was selected to obtain the satisfaction data of the elderly on the pedestrian environment from the residential area to Mochou Lake Park through a questionnaire survey and analyzed it with SPSS software.The result showed that:The satisfaction evaluation factors of“residence-park”pedestrian environment affecting the elderly are safety,accessibility,comfort,and pleasure respectively;Accessibility is the most critical factor affecting the satisfaction of walking environment of the elderly;There are significant differences in the fulfillment of pedestrian environment among the elderly with different social attributes;Accessibility is the most crucial factor affecting the satisfaction of pedestrian environment of the elderly.This paper proposes specific optimization directions for the improvement of the accessibility and safety of the pedestrian environment,to provide a view of both inside and outside the park for the renovation of the pedestrian environment suitable for aging.