论“场景理论”不是私密信息判断的合理标准

On"Privacy as Contextual Integrity Theory"Is Not a Reasonable Standard for Judging Private Information

对于《民法典》第1034条第3款规定的私密信息,当前司法实践中的通行做法是利用“场景理论”对其进行判断与保护。然而,“场景理论”无论是处于学说中还是司法实践中,均未发展出一般性的方法论以及操作规则,并且囿于其与现行法律制度不相融、忽视了个人信息的聚合性特征及易于造成人格法益保护的“真空地带”等多重因素,不宜作为司法实践中识别私密信息的主流标准。应当在“场景理论”尚未取得进一步发展前限缩司法实践中的适用,并在个人信息保护法生效实施的背景下,在隐私与个人信息法益的整体性视角下构建民法典与个人信息保护法相互协同的保护机制,实现私密信息的妥善保护。

For the private information stipulated in Article 1034(3)of the Civil Code of the People's Republic of China,the current common practice in judicial practice is to judge and protect it by using the"Privacy as Contextual Integrity Theory".However,the"Privacy as Contextual Integrity Theory"has not developed a general methodology and operating rules in both theory and judicial practice,and is limited by multiple factors such as its incompatibility with the current legal system,ignoring the aggregation characteristics of personal information and being prone to cause the"vacuum zone"in the protection of personality legal interests.It should not be used as the mainstream standard to iden‐tify private information in judicial practice.The application of"Privacy as Contextual Integrity Theory"in judicial prac‐tice should be limited before further development.Under the background of the effective implementation of the Per‐sonal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China,a mutually coordinated protection mechanism be‐tween the Civil Code and the Personal Information Protection Law of the People's Republic of China is constructed from the perspective of the integrity of privacy and personal information legal interests,so as to realize the proper pro‐tection of private information.