五四时期“浪漫式”译诗的文化解读

The“Romantic”Mode of Poetry Translation in China during the May Fourth Period:A Cultural Perspective

五四时期(1915-1927)主要文学社团的代表刊物上的译诗展现了历史转折时期的诗歌翻译面貌。在此基础上分析发现,这段时期的诗歌翻译倾向于选择激进和感伤的浪漫主义诗歌、泰戈尔诗与日本诗歌以及弱小民族诗歌,译诗形式自由化,语言为欧化的白话。简言之,五四译诗呈现出“浪漫式”诗歌翻译文化。究其原因,肩负思想启蒙、文化革新和新诗建设使命的功用性意识形态操纵了五四时期的外国诗歌汉译。

Taking a close look at translated poems published in major Chinese literary journals during the May 4th period(1915-1927),this paper finds that early 20th-century Chinese poetry translators tended to choose as their source texts radically and sentimentally romantic poems from Europe,India Japan and some small dominated nations,and that these poems tended to be rendered into Europeanized Chinese vernacular in the form of free verse.Flamboyantly“romantic”in terms of both their source texts,poetic mode and target language form,the translated poems published during this historical period were apparently meant to perform the ideological and instrumental functions of enlightening the population,innovating the culture,and developinganew poetic form.