中国马克思主义翻译百年回顾与启示

A Hundred Years'Translation of Marxist Texts in China

本文以党的十九届六中全会通过的《中共中央关于党的百年奋斗重大成就和历史经验的决议》划分的四个历史阶段为依据,梳理一百余年来马克思主义文献的译介和翻译历程,探讨建党百年来马克思主义传入中国进程中翻译发挥的重要作用。研究显示,就翻译特点而言,四个历史阶段内,马克思主义翻译由早期碎片化的译入逐渐转向新时代体系化地对外译介中国化马克思主义;就翻译成果而言,四个历史阶段内,翻译成果由译入为主逐渐过渡到译出为主,文献类型和语种不断增加。马克思主义翻译由早期的个人翻译行为逐渐转向有组织和规模化的国家翻译行动与国际传播。本研究结果对做好新时期马克思主义和党史文献翻译提供启示。

This paper looks back at the process whereby Marxist texts have been translated into and from Chinese from 1921 to 2021,calling attention to the important role translation has played in the introduction of Marxism into China since the founding of CPC and,more recently,the dissemination throughout the world of new developments of Marxism in China.The study shows that this process is characterized by an evolution from a piecemeal approach to rendering Marxist canons into Chinese to a systematic effort in the new era to translate Marxist texts in Chinese into other languages;an increase in the types of source texts chosen and the number of target languages involved;and a change in agency from individual translators to collaborative teams or organized efforts.